Exponential space and thermal-dependent heat source effects on electro-magneto-hydrodynamic Jeffrey fluid flow over a vertical stretching surface

Abstract

This paper deals with the study of an incompressible electro-magneto-hydrodynamic (EMHD) Jeffrey fluid flow over a vertical nonlinear stretching surface of variable thickness. Heat and mass transfer effects are analyzed by considering different source terms like viscous dissipation, Ohmic heating, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, thermal heat source, exponential heat source and activation energy. Governing equations for the flow system are converted into dimensionless forms using appropriate similarity transformations. The solution for the resulting governing equations is obtained by using the shooting technique with RK-4 method. The effects of various physical parameters such as magnetic field parameter (M), Grashof number (Gr), solutal Grashof number (Gc), Brownian diffusion parameter (Nb), thermophoresis diffusion parameter (Nt), thermal heat source parameter (Qt), exponential heat source parameter (Qe), Prandtl number (Pr) and Lewis number (Le) are presented with the help of graphs. It is observed that the heat transfer effects increase by increasing thermal and exponential heat sources, and mass transfer effects enhance by increasing the activation energy. Entropy generation for this flow system is also analyzed. Entropy decreases with an increase in the electric field parameter. In contrast, the Bejan number initially increases with an increase in the electric field parameter. After some particular value of electric field parameter, it changes its behavior in the boundary layer and decreases with an increase in the electric field parameter. Entropy and Bejan number increase with an increment in the concentration difference parameter. The accuracy of the results is validated by those of published literature and found in reasonable justification. The present results may be helpful in many engineering and industrial applications like manufacturing lubrication, natural gas networks, cooling nuclear reactors and spray processes.