A brief manifestation of anti-bacterial nanofiller reinforced coatings against the microbial growth based novel engineering problems

Abstract

An anti-bacterial material coating can help to break the spread of bacteria and viruses via metallic surfaces of biomedical devices, communication devices, food packages, research laboratories and public infrastructures like shopping malls, transports, toilets, etc. In addition, anti-bacterial material coatings owing to adequate tribomechanical and anti-corrosion properties can also help to resolve a major engineering problem of biofouling on marine installations and watercrafts’ surfaces. In recent times, the use of anti-bacterial nanocomposites coatings is emerging rapidly for various engineering applications. Here, metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) are acquiring a significant role in the upcoming field of anti-bacterial material applications owing to high tribo-mechanical and anti-corrosion properties. The bio-responsive mechanism of MMNC coatings to perform anti-bacterial activities can protect the surfaces in biological environments. The nanofillers in the metal matrix plays a key role during anti-bacterial activities to kill the microbials. The composition of nanofillers can be inorganic, organic and hybrid, including advance nano tropes (i.e., allotropes of carbon and BNNT), which can be reinforced in metal matrix. This review study is addressing a problem of bacterial colonization on the surfaces that causing microbial growth based novel engineering problems and suggesting a facile and low-cost solution through an anti-bacterial MMNC coating.