Effect of diet and nutrition on neuroinflammation: An overview

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is characterized as inflammatory events occurring in the brain and spinal cord. It is a normal protective mechanism through which pathogens are removed and promotes the process of tissue repair. However, chronic condition of neuroinflammation is the primary factor in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Aging, metabolic syndrome, and systemic infection are linked with neuroinflammatory response in CNS. Even diet and inadequate number of vitamins also cause neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Diet has an impact on inflammatory processes and it is well documented that low-grade inflammation is a major initiator of metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-induced obesity. Deficiency of some vitamins like B vitamins, vitamin C, D, and E leads to neuroinflammatory condition which affects normal functioning of neurons and homeostasis in CNS. The present chapter focuses on the role of different types of diets, vitamins in neuroinflammation, and diseases linked with neuroinflammation.