Cerebral ischemia is an acute disorder characterized by an abrupt reduction in blood flow that results in immediate deprivation of both glucose and oxygen. The main types of cerebral ischemia are ischemic and hemorrhagic ...

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are relatively newly developed treatments but rapidly growing science. Theoretically, they are like a combination of payload (the drug that is to be delivered; often cytotoxic) and targeted ...

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of cyclosporine on hyperglycemia induced decrease antinociceptive effect of morphine in rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg kg-1, i.p., once) was administered to induce ...

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are xenobiotics that disrupt the endocrine system in humans at ecologically significant concentrations. Various substances are exposed to human health via routes including food, water, ...

In metabolic syndrome, dysregulated signalling activity of the insulin receptor pathway in the brain due to persistent insulin resistance (IR) condition in the periphery may lead to brain IR (BIR) development. BIR causes ...

Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurological disease after Alzheimer’s. Primarily, old age males are more affected than females. The aggregates of oligomeric forms of α-synuclein cause the loss of dopaminergic ...

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by inadequate insulin secretion and signaling dysfunction, leading to a vast spectrum of systemic complications. These complications trigger cascades of events that ...

Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and insulin resistance increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent studies highlighted the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) in modulation of AD. This ...

Olaparib is a PARP inhibitor, established for treatment of various cancer. Owing to its poor bioavailability, shorter biological half-life and with requirement of frequent dosing of high oral dose, it displays lower ...

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most painful complications of diabetes mellitus, involving progressive neuronal damage and dysfunction and up to 30% of patients with diabetes mellitus developed diabetic neuropathy. Pain ...