Lupane Analogue from Bark of Pithecellobium dulce and in vitro α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Enzyme Inhibition Assay of Extract for Potential Antidiabetic Activity

Abstract

Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. (Leguminosae) is an evergreen plant widely distributed in greater parts of India and is also found in Southeast Asia [1–3]. Many studies have been carried out on P. dulce with significant biological activities such as anti-diabetic [4–7]. Phyto-constituents such as flavonoid, coumarins, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, and α-spinasterol have been isolated from the bark [8–11]. In the present study, two triperpenoids and two long-chain hydrocarbon compounds from the bark of P. dulce were isolated, whose structures were established primarily on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, including NMR methods. The prevalence and morbidity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to increase throughout the world. Several studies on the treatment of type 2 diabetes suggest that improved glycemic control reduces microvascular risks [12–16]. The in vitro screening of plant extracts of the bark for α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibition assays was also performed to know the antidiabetic potential of the bark of P. dulce.