Abstract:
The method used previously to calculate the free energy of transfer ΔG°t of the solvated proton from water into methanol + water mixtures is applied to mixtures of water with acetone, isopropanol or glycerol. ΔG°t(HCl) for these mixtures has been calculated from values for the standard electrode potentials for appropriate cells, and ΔG°t(Cl–) obtained using the values for ΔG°t(H+). ΔG°t for some silver salts into acetone + water are calculated from solubility products. These ΔG°t and other published ΔG°t(MX) for acetone + water and methanol + water are separated into ΔG°t(M+) and ΔG°t(X–). Values for the ionic product of water in methanol + water are used to calculate ΔG°t(OH–), and values for ΔG°t(NH4+)–ΔG°t(NH3) in methanol + water are also calculated. These ΔG°t values are compared with previous values in methanol + water and the differences between solvent mixtures discussed in terms of solvent structure and ionic solvation.
