This article deals with an efficient numerical method for solving the time fractional Black–Scholes equation governing the European option pricing model and their Greeks. The Caputo fractional derivative involved in time ...

The main focus of this work is to develop a hybrid numerical method based on the L1 scheme and the multi-dimensional Hermite wavelets. We discuss the stability and convergence analysis on a newly designed time-graded mesh ...

The growing demand for sustainable energy sources has prompted investigation of offshore wind farms (OfWF) as viable options. This study proposes an innovative framework combining GIS with MCDM methods to identify highly ...

This paper explores inhomogeneous generalized fractional-order Bessel differential equations in the complex domain with arbitrary-order δ () using Riemann-Liouville (R-L) fractional operators. The study establishes the ...

We explore the potential applications of virtual elements for solving the Sobolev equation with a convective term. A conforming virtual element method is employed for spatial discretization, while an implicit Euler scheme ...

A hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method is introduced and analyzed to solve the Sobolev equation. The analysis includes the derivation of a priori error estimates, demonstrating that the approximations for both ...

Energy efficiency, high data speeds, and effective spectrum utilization stand as the primary factors governing 5G and beyond networks. A base station (BS) in a cognitive radio network (CRN) that conserves energy during ...

Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) offer a promising solution for improving spectrum utilization. However, ensuring quality of service (QoS) for heterogeneous secondary users (SUs) during spectrum handoff, particularly under ...

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of two prominent spectrum sensing methods, energy detection (ED) and matched filter detection (MFD), under different modulation schemes, specifically binary phase shift keying ...

The pharmaceutical supply chain is a complex network involving multiple stakeholders and processes, making it susceptible to various inefficiencies and challenges such as counterfeiting, drug expiry, and inefficient inventory ...