Browsing by Author "Pradhan, Saswat Kumar"

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    Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Industrial Waste Water Using Metallic Nanoparticles as Adsorbents
    (American Scientific Publishers, 2014-07) Gupta, Suresh; Pradhan, Saswat Kumar
    Water pollution is a major concern for the Government of India and other countries in recent years which arise due to the rapid industrialization. This rapid industrialization is leading to an ever-increasing use of various toxic chemicals. Most of the toxic chemicals contain heavy metals such as As, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Ni which are considered as hazardous pollutants. Disposal of these pollutants in the water streams causes serious environmental problems. Adsorption is an economic and comparatively effective process for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater streams. To achieve large surface area for adsorption, small size particle with high porosity are required to be developed. Today's era is focusing towards nanotechnology which is leading towards the use of nano-size materials. The demand for large adsorption capacity can only be met by nanoparticles as adsorbents. To reduce their concentration in drinking water, different Nanosized Metal Oxides (NMOs) were tested as adsorbents. The copper (II) oxide nanoparticles, in the present study, were prepared by precipitation method and characterised by SEM, XRD and FTIR techniques. The as synthesised nanooxide was found to have crystallite size in the range of 10–30 nm and the shape was found to be spherical. Systematic adsorption experiments were undertaken for the following two process parameters i.e., time of contact for different initial concentration and variation of adsorbent dosage to find out the efficiency of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles towards adsorption of zinc. The adsorption capacity as well as removal efficiency of zinc using Cu(II)O were calculated.
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    Synthesis and characterization of ecofriendly silver nanoparticles combined with yttrium oxide (Ag-Y2O3) nanocomposite with assorted adsorption capacity for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) removal: A mechanism perspective
    (Elsiever, 2019-12) Gupta, Suresh; Pradhan, Saswat Kumar; Panwar, Jitendra
    This research demonstrates the solution combustion synthesis (SCS) of silver nanoparticles combined with yttrium oxide (Ag-Y2O3) using urea as a fuel material. The morphology, composition and crystallinity of nanocomposite were confirmed using standard techniques. Due to the doping of yttrium oxide, the synthesized nanocomposites were found to be thermally stable, asymmetrical, and well distributed without any aggregation with an average particle size of 65 ± 3 nm and surface area of 18.05 m2 g−1. The applicability of synthesized nanocomposite for multiple heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions was tested by performing batch experiments. Applicability of Langmuir isotherm confirmed the monolayer adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) on nanocomposite. The maximum adsorption capacity of nanocomposite obtained using the Langmuir isotherm was 815 mg g-1 and 867.85 mg g-1 for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) adsorption respectively. It’s noteworthy that the observed maximum adsorption capacity is ˜300% higher as compared to other adsorbents reported in the literature. The ΔH° value confirmed the physical adsorption of both these metal ions on nanocomposite. The synthesized nanocomposite also showed excellent ability for simultaneous removal of multiple metal ions from the synthetically prepared textile industry wastewater. Negligible reduction in the percent removal of Cu(II) (98.5 to 93%) and Cr(VI) (98.3 to 95.1%) was observed in four subsequent adsorption-desorption cycles. Finally, the environmental toxicity of the synthesized nanocomposite was assessed by determining its antibacterial and antifungal activity against selected beneficial microbial species which indicated the risk free and safe disposal of the used nanocomposite.