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Browsing by Author "Srivastava, Anshuman"

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    Analytical and Experimental Investigations on Using Waste Marble Powder in Concrete
    (ASCE, 2019-04) Srivastava, Anshuman; Bhunia, Dipendu
    Research using marble powder as a partial replacement of cement in concrete has gained a lot of attention recently. In this paper,the effect of dried marble powder on particle packing of concrete has been demonstrated. Experimental investigations have been conducted onthe effect of marble powder on hydration reaction, strength activity index, and possible reasons for the gain in strength. In addition, statisticalmethods were used to develop two mathematical models for marble powder incorporated in concrete using experimental values. In the firstmodel, the ratios of 28-day compressive strength between concrete with cement partially replaced by marble powder and control concretehave been related to marble powder replacement percentage. In the second model proposed, modified and simplified relationships for thewater-cement law when cement is partially replaced by marble powder have been provided. The first model was validated for both standardcubes and cylinders used for testing by researchers and the predictions showed only 7.15% error as compared with the experimental values.The second model might serve as a useful tool for mix proportioning of concrete mixes incorporating marble powder in concrete. Finally,based on a review of the literature and experimental results, a set of guidelines has been proposed for the use of marble powder as a partialreplacement of cement in concrete
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    Application of infrared thermography for debonding detection in asphalt pavements
    (Springer, 2019-05) Srivastava, Anshuman; Singh, Ajit Pratap
    Conventional testing practices in pavement damage surveillance and maintenance such as coring tend to be slow, destructive in nature and not wholly representative of the entire stretch of the pavement. Newly emerging technologies based on non-destructive testing techniques, do not demand implementing destructive measures or relying on extrapolation of point data and can be implemented after developing them into a proper technique and a set testing protocol. One such emerging technique that uses infrared emissions from any structure to inspect underlying defects is infrared thermography (IRT). In a patch of pavement containing subsurface defects, the heat flow to the surface of the pavement, which itself depends on the incident solar radiation, ambient temperature and other meteorological factors, gets disrupted causing a difference in the thermal signature of the defective and the sound patches. This difference in thermal signature can potentially be detected by a thermal imaging camera. This study aims at exploring the potential of IRT technique to assess the subsurface debonding defect in asphalt pavements. For this purpose, an in situ asphalt pavement test section has been constructed and different interlayer bonding conditions have been artificially induced in it. A novel way for quantitative and qualitative analyses of thermal signatures, using MATLAB for each of these bonding conditions has been carried out. The effect of different debonding agents on the overall thermal behavior of asphalt pavement has also been evaluated. Interchange time duration between day heating and night cooling cycles has been estimated, to determine the suitable time duration for asphalt pavement inspection. The results, advantages, and limitations of the method have been presented.
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    Application of infrared thermography for debonding detection in asphalt pavements
    (Springer, 2019-05) Singh, Ajit Pratap; Srivastava, Anshuman
    Conventional testing practices in pavement damage surveillance and maintenance such as coring tend to be slow, destructive in nature and not wholly representative of the entire stretch of the pavement. Newly emerging technologies based on non-destructive testing techniques, do not demand implementing destructive measures or relying on extrapolation of point data and can be implemented after developing them into a proper technique and a set testing protocol. One such emerging technique that uses infrared emissions from any structure to inspect underlying defects is infrared thermography (IRT). In a patch of pavement containing subsurface defects, the heat flow to the surface of the pavement, which itself depends on the incident solar radiation, ambient temperature and other meteorological factors, gets disrupted causing a difference in the thermal signature of the defective and the sound patches. This difference in thermal signature can potentially be detected by a thermal imaging camera. This study aims at exploring the potential of IRT technique to assess the subsurface debonding defect in asphalt pavements. For this purpose, an in situ asphalt pavement test section has been constructed and different interlayer bonding conditions have been artificially induced in it. A novel way for quantitative and qualitative analyses of thermal signatures, using MATLAB for each of these bonding conditions has been carried out. The effect of different debonding agents on the overall thermal behavior of asphalt pavement has also been evaluated. Interchange time duration between day heating and night cooling cycles has been estimated, to determine the suitable time duration for asphalt pavement inspection. The results, advantages, and limitations of the method have been presented.
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    Assessment of different curing methods on marble dust concrete
    (Springer, 2025-03) Srivastava, Anshuman
    This research deals with significance of marble dust containing concrete by using different curing methods on it. Marble dust is used as a partial replacement of cement ranging from 0 to 15% by cement weights were considered in concrete. The most important aim of this study to reveal effectiv method of curing which gives better mechanical and durability properties like compressive strength and durability property of marble dust incorporated concrete. These experimental studies analyze the three different curing methods and assessment of the compressive strength, and also the variation of marble dust replacement percentage with cement is also taken into experimentation.
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    Bioconcrete-Enabled Resilient Construction: a Review
    (Springer, 2023-03) Lahoti, Mukund; Srivastava, Anshuman
    Concrete, the ubiquitous cementitious composite though immensely versatile, is crack-susceptible. Cracks let in deleterious substances causing durability issues. Superseding conventional crack-repair methods, the innovative application of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICCP) stands prominent, being based on the natural phenomenon of carbonate precipitation. It is eco-friendly, self-activated, economical, and simplistic. Bacteria inside concrete get activated by contacting the environment upon the crack opening and filling the cracks with calcium carbonate—their metabolic waste. This work systematizes MICCP’s intricacies and reviews state-of-the-art literature on practical technicalities in its materialization and testing. Explored are the latest advances in various aspects of MICCP, such as bacteria species, calcium sources, encapsulations, aggregates, and the techniques of bio-calcification and curing. Furthermore, methodologies for crack formation, crack observation, property analysis of healed test subject, and present techno-economic limitations are examined. The work serves as a succinct, implementation-ready, and latest review for MICCP’s application, giving tailorable control over the enormous variations in this bio-mimetic technique.
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    Computational design of fly ash geopolymer mortar using experimental and attribute evaluation approaches
    (Springer, 2024-10) Lahoti, Mukund; Srivastava, Anshuman
    Geopolymer is a ceramic-like inorganic material synthesized at room temperature and is a potential sustainable replacement of Portland cement. In the present work, a comprehensive experimental program was designed to evaluate the relative importance of mix design factors controlling the strength of fly ash geopolymer mortar. Restrained factors, namely, temperature of curing; alkaline solution to fly ash (L/FA) ratio; sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (SS/SH) ratio; sodium hydroxide molarity; and fly ash to sand (FA/Sand) ratio, and unrestrained factors, namely, H2O/Na2O; SiO2/Al2O3; SiO2/Na2O; and Al2O3/Na2O molar ratios, were considered for evaluation. Feature subset selection and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) techniques were used to determine the significance of these factors. Results show that temperature of curing is the most significant factor. FA/Sand and L/FA are found to affect compressive strength more significantly than sodium hydroxide molarity and SS/SH. Except for H2O/Na2O molar ratio, other molar ratios were observed to be very less significant. It is noted that mix design of geopolymer mortar should not be based on the molar ratios, instead mix design must be prepared by controlling the restrained factors. The findings of this study should be helpful in optimization of design factors leading to a robust geopolymer mix.
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    Condition Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Using Infrared Thermography
    (Springer, 2022-05) Singh, Ajit Pratap; Srivastava, Anshuman
    Estimation of extent of deterioration in concrete bridge decks is a challenge. Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques are significant since they provide fast, easy, and economical way to detect delaminations, cracks, voids, and corrosion in bridge decks. In the present work, an attempt has been made to assess the effectiveness of infrared thermography (IRT) method in detecting various subsurface flaws of bridge decks. Thus, a test facility containing concrete bridge deck induced with various artificial defects is constructed. This study concludes that IRT can quickly scan large areas and identify potential locations of defects, particularly at shallow depths, up to 50 mm depth from surface in this study. Therefore, it can be highly useful for field inspections of bridges. The ideal time for field testing is estimated to be 4–5 h after sunrise. However, it can be suitably used along with other NDT techniques and their combination would yield better results.
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    Debonding detection in asphalt pavements using infrared thermography
    (Elsiever, 2020-09) Singh, Ajit Pratap; Srivastava, Anshuman
    For sustainable growth of road networks in a country, their effective maintenance is an essential element of pavement evaluation and management strategies. Destructive testing practices are slow, labor-intensive, and do not represent the entire pavement area. Advances in non-destructive testing technologies offer a convenient and reliable means of quickly scanning large areas. Infrared thermography based on capturing the thermal signature of any structure is found to be very useful for detecting pavement subsurface flaws. This study aims at exploring the potential of infrared thermography to detect subsurface interlayer debonding in asphalt pavements. An in-situ asphalt pavement test section has been constructed with different bonding conditions, and infrared thermography has been performed. A novel approach for quantitative and qualitative analyses of these thermal images has been carried out using MATLAB. Suitable time durations to perform thermographic inspections based on interchange time duration have been suggested.
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    A Decision Making Framework for Condition Evaluation of Airfield Pavements Using Non-Destructive Testing
    (ASCE, 2019) Singh, Ajit Pratap; Srivastava, Anshuman
    The rapid growth in transportation sector demands compatible infrastructure for its sustenance. This is offered by a long-lasting highway and airfield pavement network. However, these pavements start deteriorating soon after their construction, the degree of which depends on the rate of application of loading and prevailing climatic conditions. This calls for a need for continual assessment of their structural and functional capacity, to plan for their repair or rehabilitation alternatives. In this work, a case study on pavement condition evaluation of runway located at an international airport is conducted. The runway pavement being in deteriorated condition has been divided into six sections which are rated and prioritized for maintenance and repair (M&R) needs. Their condition has been evaluated on the basis of four decision criteria, using the opinion of experts. This task has been fulfilled by using two multi-criteria decision-making techniques, namely analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy inference tool. A combination of visual surveys, heavy weight deflectometer tests, and ground-penetrating radar scans provide the essential structural capacity data for carrying out the analyses. The ranking obtained from both the techniques slightly varies due to the inherent difference in their approaches. However, the sections with least and maximum priority are concluded to be similar from both the analyses. This prioritization methodology offers a systematic approach to planners and decision authorities for selecting optimum M&R strategies.
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    Entropy-based fuzzy SWOT decision-making for condition assessment of airfield pavements
    (Taylor & Francis, 2019-09) Srivastava, Anshuman; Singh, Ajit Pratap
    The paper proposes a novel decision-making methodology for integrated condition assessment and maintenance of airfield pavements by making use of non-destructive testing. The methodology has been explained by considering the runway of an international airport. A variety of performance indicators to appraise various aspects of pavement health, including structural, functional, and traffic mix analysis, have been considered. The field surveys and tests performed to determine each of the above factors are presented. An amalgamation of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and entropy method is adopted to prioritise airfield pavement sections for maintenance and repair strategies based on the values of their entropy weights. The SWOT model and its hybridised forms deliver a platform to prioritise the pavement maintenance policy alternatives based on their technical feasibility, durability, financial viability, and reliability. The approach developed in this work is superior to other conventional optimisation models. Due to its flexibility, it can be appropriately customised and implemented as per the anticipated problem and data availability. Thus, it provides a wide scope to the decision-makers, planners, and implementation agencies to deal with diverse issues and execute the derived strategies immediately.
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    Entropy-based fuzzy SWOT decision-making for condition assessment of airfield pavements
    (Taylor & Francis, 2019-10) Singh, Ajit Pratap; Srivastava, Anshuman
    The paper proposes a novel decision-making methodology for integrated condition assessment and maintenance of airfield pavements by making use of non-destructive testing. The methodology has been explained by considering the runway of an international airport. A variety of performance indicators to appraise various aspects of pavement health, including structural, functional, and traffic mix analysis, have been considered. The field surveys and tests performed to determine each of the above factors are presented. An amalgamation of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and entropy method is adopted to prioritise airfield pavement sections for maintenance and repair strategies based on the values of their entropy weights. The SWOT model and its hybridised forms deliver a platform to prioritise the pavement maintenance policy alternatives based on their technical feasibility, durability, financial viability, and reliability. The approach developed in this work is superior to other conventional optimisation models. Due to its flexibility, it can be appropriately customised and implemented as per the anticipated problem and data availability. Thus, it provides a wide scope to the decision-makers, planners, and implementation agencies to deal with diverse issues and execute the derived strategies immediately.
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    Environmental impact assessment of fly ash and silica fume based geopolymer concrete
    (Elsevier, 2020-05) Srivastava, Anshuman; Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    Alkali activated geopolymer is an attractive solution to limit the adverse consequences of cement manufacturing. In this paper, an evaluation of environmental impacts of geopolymer containing fly ash and silica fume is conducted. Life cycle assessment is performed by benchmarking the environmental impacts of three geopolymer concrete mixes against the conventional cement concrete, namely: fly ash geopolymer (with hydroxide and silicate of sodium); fly ash–silica fume blend geopolymer (with hydroxide and silicate of sodium); and fly ash–silica fume blend geopolymer (with sodium hydroxide). Impact analysis is performed by using ReCiPe midpoint and endpoint methods in life cycle assessment software UMBERTO NXT using database of Ecoinvent 3.0. Sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the effect of transportation. One mix design for each concrete of equal water to binder ratio and 28-days compressive strength of more than 35 MPa is analysed. Results of life cycle assessment indicate that alkaline activators and cement are the major sources of negative environmental impacts for geopolymer and cement concrete, respectively. Global warming potential of geopolymer concretes is lower than conventional cement concrete. Fly ash–silica fume geopolymer concrete activated without sodium silicate has lowest environmental impacts. Transportation of raw materials is found to increase the overall negative of all four concrete mixes. Cost reduction of 10.87%–17.77% per unit volume is achieved with the use of fly ash – silica fume based geopolymer concrete. Sustainability in terms of cost and environmental benefits of geopolymer concrete can be further increased by using silica fume. It can be concluded that the use of fly ash – silica fume blended geopolymer in the construction industry has huge possibility to improve its sustainability. Furthermore, waste management can be effectively done by utilization of industrial by-products in concrete.
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    Environmental impact assessment of fly ash and silica fume based geopolymer concrete
    (Elsevier, 2020-05) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh; Srivastava, Anshuman
    Alkali activated geopolymer is an attractive solution to limit the adverse consequences of cement manufacturing. In this paper, an evaluation of environmental impacts of geopolymer containing fly ash and silica fume is conducted. Life cycle assessment is performed by benchmarking the environmental impacts of three geopolymer concrete mixes against the conventional cement concrete, namely: fly ash geopolymer (with hydroxide and silicate of sodium); fly ash–silica fume blend geopolymer (with hydroxide and silicate of sodium); and fly ash–silica fume blend geopolymer (with sodium hydroxide). Impact analysis is performed by using ReCiPe midpoint and endpoint methods in life cycle assessment software UMBERTO NXT using database of Ecoinvent 3.0. Sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the effect of transportation. One mix design for each concrete of equal water to binder ratio and 28-days compressive strength of more than 35 MPa is analysed. Results of life cycle assessment indicate that alkaline activators and cement are the major sources of negative environmental impacts for geopolymer and cement concrete, respectively. Global warming potential of geopolymer concretes is lower than conventional cement concrete. Fly ash–silica fume geopolymer concrete activated without sodium silicate has lowest environmental impacts. Transportation of raw materials is found to increase the overall negative of all four concrete mixes. Cost reduction of 10.87%–17.77% per unit volume is achieved with the use of fly ash – silica fume based geopolymer concrete. Sustainability in terms of cost and environmental benefits of geopolymer concrete can be further increased by using silica fume. It can be concluded that the use of fly ash – silica fume blended geopolymer in the construction industry has huge possibility to improve its sustainability. Furthermore, waste management can be effectively done by utilization of industrial by-products in concrete.
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    Evaluation of marble slurry incorporated concrete using nondestructive methods
    (Elsevier, 2017) Srivastava, Anshuman; Bhunia, Dipendu
    Marble processing industry is one of most important industries of Rajasthan region in India. This industry produces large amounts of waste in the form of marble slurry. The waste slurry is dumped along the road sides thus causing environmental and health problems in the surrounding areas. Waste marble slurry is a material which helps in partially replacing cement in concrete thus promoting the utilization of a waste material and also reducing the use of cement. This paper shows the use of waste marble slurry as a partial replacement of cement in concrete with mainly two water cement ratios 0.40 and 0.45. The percentage replacement of cement is varied from 10 to 30 percent. Concrete is tested for compressive strength at 7 and 28 days. Non Destructive tests namely Rebound hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse velocity tests are also performed on the cubes to study the strength and quality of concrete produced. The results show that concrete with 15% marble dust as a partial replacement of cement gives 20% more strength than the control concrete. It is also seen that with increasing replacement of cement with waste marble slurry - slump decreases, density increases up to 15% replacement and then decreases. The quality of concrete improves according to UPV test. A relationship is developed between compressive strength and rebound hammer values for the marble slurry incorporated concrete. Therefore, this study shows that waste marble slurry could be a good source for use as partial replacement of cement in conventional concrete. This would help in sustainable growth and bulk utilization of what otherwise is a waste material.
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    Experimental investigation on paver blocks of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete containing silica fume
    (Taylor & Francis, 2021-12) Srivastava, Anshuman
    Utilisation of geopolymer may reduce the global warming potential of concrete. This study examines geopolymer concrete as interlocking paver blocks. Three concretes are compared: conventional cement, fly ash-geopolymer and fly ash–silica fume geopolymer. Sodium hydroxide solution is used in both geopolymer concretes, and sodium silicate solution is used in fly ash-based geopolymer concrete only. Rectangle and uni shape blocks are tested for compressive strength, flexural strength, abrasion resistance and freeze–thaw resistance. Dynamic drop loading test is conducted on block pavement with herringbone laying pattern . Results revealed that resistance to abrasion and water absorption of geopolymeris improved by adding silica fume . Freeze–thaw resistance is the lowest for cement concrete paver blocks. Lowest deflection occurred in block pavement of uni shape. Geopolymer concrete provides uniform load distribution than cement concrete. Cement concrete is slightly costlier than geopolymer concrete. This study concluded the geopolymer as suitable option for paver block applications
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    Exploratory study on concrete incorporating copper tailings and marble dust as partial substitutes for ordinary portland cement
    (Springer, 2025-07) Lahoti, Mukund; Srivastava, Anshuman
    Supplementary cementitious materials are crucial to reduce costs and carbon footprint, as traditional cement production emits greenhouse gases. This study explores using copper tailings and marble dust as substitutes for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in concrete. In this investigation, three concrete mixes were designed, and tests were carried out to compare their tensile and compressive strengths. C0M0 served as the control mix, i.e., mix with no replacement of OPC. While in C5M5 mix, 10% OPC was replaced by 5% copper tailings and 5% marble dust. While in mix C5M10, 15% OPC was replaced by 5% copper tailing and 10% marble dust. Experimental observation was that the control mix (C0M0) exhibited highest compressive strength, which then declined for C5M5 mix and further retreated in increasing path in C5M10 mix, with almost reaching compressive strength of the C0M0 (control) mix. The compressive strength as compared to the control mix was reduced by about 24.8% for C5M5 mix and close to 0.9% for C5M10 mix. The observed decrease in strength was attributed to the moisture-absorbing nature of copper tailings and marble dust, which limited water availability for OPC hydration, while marble dust's filler action contributed to strength gain. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests established a relationship between compressive strength and sound velocity. Economic analysis revealed the cost-effectiveness of concrete incorporating copper tailings and marble dust. The study highlights the potential for developing concrete strength with these waste materials, promoting environmentally friendly and cost-effective construction practices.
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    Feasibility Study on Use of Washed-Reclaimed Asphalt as a Partial Replacement of Natural Aggregate in Dry-Lean Concrete as Base Course for Rigid Pavement
    (ASCE, 2020-09) Srivastava, Anshuman
    Dry-lean concrete (DLC) lies below the wearing course of the rigid pavement section to overcome the major reasons for its failure,such as improper base support, seepage of underground water, and frost action. DLC is generally manufactured with a huge aggregate-to-cement ratio, which lies below the wearing course of the rigid pavement section. In this study, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), a wastematerial, derived from the milling process of flexible pavement wearing course, has been used as a partial replacement of natural coarseaggregates in DLC made from portland pozzolana cement (PPC). Initially, the feasibility of using washed reclaimed asphalt pavement(WRAP) and comparing the results with dirty reclaimed asphalt pavement (DRAP) as a partial replacement of natural coarse aggregatehas been investigated. It was found that WRAP gave better results as compared to DRAP for satisfying DLC conditions. The reason isdemonstrated using SEM images showing variation in formation of CSH gel due to the presence of dust particles. Further, strength anddurability properties (acidic environment, water absorption, and alkalinity) were determined to check its durability of WRAP-incorporatedconcrete (WRAPC). The percentage of WRAP and DRAP was varied from 0%–50% by weight of natural aggregate. Also, nondestructivetests like ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and rebound hammer test were performed to determine the quality and dynamic young’s modulus ofWRAPC. It was found that the optimal curing period and optimum WRAP addition were 21 days and 20% respectively. An equation has beendeveloped to determine the optimum moisture content (OMC) for varying percentage of moisture and RAP content. The equation wasvalidated with the results of researchers and a variation of only 3.3% was found. It was observed that 20% WRAP incorporated inDLC gives optimal results in terms of strength and durability.
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    Investigation of the location of a shear wall in an rcc medium-rise building
    (Begell House, 2011) Srivastava, Anshuman; Bhunia, Dipendu
    Shear wall systems are among the most commonly used lateral-load resisting systems in high-rise buildings. Shear walls have very high in-plane stiffness and strength, which can be used to simultaneously resist large horizontal loads and support gravity loads, making them quite advantageous in many structural engineering applications. Many references are available concerning the design and analysis of a shear wall. However, the decision about the location of a shear wall in a multistorey building is not much discussed in any of them. In this paper, therefore, the main focus is to determine the shear wall location in a multistorey building based on its elastic and elastoplastic behaviors. An earthquake load is calculated and applied to a building of fifteen stories located in zone IV. Elastic and elastoplastic analyses were performed using both STAAD PRO 2004 and SAP2000 (2006) software packages. Shear forces, bending moment, and storey drift were computed in both cases and the location of a shear wall was established based upon the above computations.
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    An investigation on effect of partial replacement of cement by waste marble slurry
    (Elsevier, 2017-03) Srivastava, Anshuman; Bhunia, Dipendu
    In this study, waste marble slurry from Makrana region of Rajasthan in India is characterized for various physiochemical properties and used to replace cement partially by weight in concrete. Effects of marble slurry on hydration process, fresh and hardened concrete properties and durability properties using indigenously fabricated equipment are investigated. Effect of particle size of marble slurry on compressive strength and experimental trials on reinforced concrete with dried marble slurry are also conducted. No significant effect on characteristics of cement pastes is noted. Drying shrinkage is found to decrease and strength of mortar improves for a certain percentage replacement. Marble slurry is found to show filler effect by giving the concrete a denser and even structure. It is observed that the mechanical properties of concrete enhanced with incorporation of dried marble slurry for up to 15% replacement. The quality of concrete improves as per ultrasonic pulse velocity and durability tests. Reinforced concrete with marble slurry also shows promising results with increased bond strength. Finally, a compressive strength prediction model is developed using artificial neural network (ANN). The results for ANN are plotted as experimentally evaluated 28 days’ compressive strength versus predicted compressive strength.
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    Marble dust as a sustainable cementitious material: investigating the synergistic effects of curing conditions
    (Taylor & Francis, 2025-04) Srivastava, Anshuman
    This study examines the effect of seven different curing regimes (normal water, marine environment, ambient, jute bag, polythene bag, accelerated water, and carbonation curing) on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete that incorporates marble dust as partial replacement of cement at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% replacement rates. The curing regime considerably impacted minimizing the compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength losses induced by increased marble dust content. Under normal water curing, an optimum 7.5% marble dust dosage resulted in a 9.5% increase in 28-day compressive strength over the control mix. Carbonation curing resulted in higher 28-day flexural strengths (up to 12.5% marble dust) than normal water curing. Marine environment curing reduced strength significantly (up to a 30.1% decrease at 7-day compressive strength at 15% marble dust) due to chloride ion interference. Water absorption dropped by up to 15.7% at the optimal 7.5% marble dust dosage under normal water curing but increased by up to 3.9% under ambient curing, highlighting the importance of adequate curing for pozzolanic reactions. Rapid chloride permeability testing revealed up to 53.9% lower charge passing values under normal water curing at 15% marble dust, demonstrating better chloride resistance when compared to other curing regimes. Continuous hydration and pozzolanic reaction facilitation through appropriate curing procedures, such as conventional and accelerated water curing, significantly increased performance at optimal marble dust dosages. The study emphasizes the importance of adjusting curing regimens to optimize the use of marble dust as a sustainable SCM in concrete production.
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