Department of Pharmacy
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Item Rationale for immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of Ocimum sanctum: radical scavenging potential and effect on nitric oxide production(International Society for Horticultural Science, 2005) Jadhav, Hemant R.Antioxidant activity of polar methanolic extract of aerial parts of Ocimum sanctum using multiple screens was studied. Various concentrations of the standardized extract were examined for the free radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging potential and effect on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 mouse monocytes cell line. The results indicated that the O. sanctum extract has strong antioxidant activity. In the assay for free radical scavenging activity measured in terms of scavenging of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical, the extract exhibited the IC50 of 94.51 ± 6.47 µg/ml. NBT reduction assay was used to measure the superoxide reducing capacity of the extract and the extract inhibited the NBT reduction with IC50 of 71.17 µ 8.13 µg/ml. Effect on nitrite production was tested in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated RAW 264.7 mouse monocytes cell line. In this assay, biphasic response was observed for the extract. At lower concentration it stimulated nitrite production while at higher doses the nitrite production was suppressed (EC50 4.89 ± 0.47 µg/ml and IC50 66.67 ± 0.91 µg/ml). These results suggest that the antioxidant activity of O. sanctum may be partly responsible for its reported immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.Item Antioxidant properties of Indian medicinal plants(Wiley, 2002-11) Jadhav, Hemant R.The antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of 12 Indian medicinal plants, traditionally used in disease areas that probably involve free radical mechanisms, were evaluated by two methods, namely the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) test and the lipid peroxidation assay. In the latter assay, seven of these extracts showed 90% or more activity compared with the standard, vitamin E and hence were studied in detail after the removal of interfering pigments. The selective pigment removal from the extracts led to an increase in free radical scavenging activity and a decrease in inhibition of lipidItem Cosmetic potential of herbal extracts(NISCAIR, 2005-08) Jadhav, Hemant R.Cosmetology, the science of alteration of appearance, has been practiced since primordial times. In India, the concept of using herbs for beautification finds its origin in traditional medicine literature like Ayurveda. The cosmetic preparations were used for the purpose of worship and sensual enjoyment. Moreover, since centuries, the herbal extracts, as a whole or part thereof, have been used for various ailments of the skin, hair and for overall appearance. The market research shows upward trend in the herbal trade with the herbal cosmetic industry playing a major role in fuelling this worldwide demand for herbals. The recent interest of consumers in herbal cosmetics has been stimulated by the decline of faith in modern cosmetics, the belief that plant remedies were natural and thereby superior to man-made synthetic cosmetics, and the reference to successful historical use by different cultures. These reasons have contributed to the increased acceptance as well as manufacture of herbal cosmetics. Many herbs have been scientifically evaluated for their cosmetic potential. Some traditional plants like Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Mimosa tenuiflora Benth., Aloe vera Linn., etc. need special mention. The great void remains though for a systematic, thorough review of scientific data that provides a basis for the use of specific herbs and their efficacy as cosmetics. Similarly, there is a lack of scientific review of phytochemicals that are used in cosmetic preparations. This review attempts to fill-up this gap and emphasizes the need for safety evaluation of herbal cosmetics.