Department of Pharmacy

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Chemotherapeutic agents

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    Nanocarriers as Potential Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy
    (Springer, 2020-01) Singhvi, Gautam
    Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells and is the leading cause of death worldwide with an incidence of 11 million new cases each year. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have received much attention for cancer treatment. Nanocarriers are the delivery systems which are prepared by alteration of the size (1–1000 nm) and shape of a material to the nano-range level. Nanocarriers are prepared by utilizing natural, polymeric, inorganic magnetic silica-based materials. Various nanocarriers including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, magnetic nanoparticles, and other inorganic nanoparticles have been investigated for diagnostic, therapeutic, and drug targeting in cancer therapy. Nanocarriers act as a cancer-specific drug delivery or diagnostic agent by inherent passive targeting mechanism or adopted active targeting strategies by altering the surface properties with specific ligands. Targeted nanoparticulate systems increase the accumulation of the chemotherapeutic agent in the tumor tissue and reduce the toxicity to healthy cells. Nanocarriers extend the drug release for a longer duration and protect the drug from degradation. Nanocarriers are also proven effective for improving the pharmacokinetics of poorly soluble hydrophobic drugs by solubilizing or permeating them through lipophilic biological barriers.
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    Nanocarriers For Drug Delivery: Mini Review
    (Bentham Science, 2018) Singhvi, Gautam
    Nanocarriers have been a part of drug delivery for some decades now. Due to the enormous advantages offered by them, they are replacing the conventionally available systems.
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    Folate-Targeted Cholesterol-Grafted Lipo-Polymeric Nanoparticles for Chemotherapeutic Agent Delivery
    (Springer, 2020-10) Mittal, Anupama; Chitkara, Deepak; Sakhuja, Rajeev
    Docetaxel (DTX), an FDA approved chemotherapeutic agent, is used as a first-line treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Its poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism, short half-life, and effective targeting to the cancer cells limits its optimal therapeutic use. Herein, we report folate targeted amphiphilic lipopolymer grafted with cholesterol conjugated carbonate and DL-lactide prepared by microwave assisted ring opening polymerization, for the efficient actively targeted delivery of DTX. The DTX-loaded folate-targeted lipopolymeric nanoparticles (F-DTX-LPNs) prepared by the emulsion solvent evaporation method exhibited a smaller size of ∼115.17 nm with a PDI of 0.205 and encapsulation efficiency of >80%. Further, these lipopolymeric nanoparticles (F-DTX-LPNs) showed a good on-bench stability and sustained DTX release for 7 days. Cell-based assays in MDA-MB-231 cells revealed a significant enhancement in the intracellular uptake of folate-targeted lipopolymeric nanoparticles compared to non-targeted nanoparticles. Further, methyl beta-cyclodextrin (Mβ-CD) completely inhibited the uptake of these nanoparticles in the cells, indicating a lipid raft-mediated uptake mechanism. The developed F-DTX-LPNs showed improved cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and significant fold-change in expression levels of Bcl-2, BAX and Ki-67 as compared to non-targeted DTX-LPNs and free DTX. Further, F-DTX-LPNs showed an improved in vivo pharmacokinetic profile in Sprague Dawley rats as compared to the free DTX. The bio-imaging of ex vivo tissues demonstrated that the DiR loaded folate targeted LPNs exhibited intense signals after 24 h because of slow release of DiR dye from the nanoparticles.
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    Nutraceuticals as therapeutic agents for inflammation
    (Elsevier, 2016) Gaikwad, Anil Bhanudas
    Nutraceutical is a broad term which encompasses foods/products obtained from foods with beneficial health effects. Nutraceuticals focus on prevention rather than cure. This category of products has gained much attention due to their safe therapeutic effects other than their nutritional benefits. They may be used to prevent the onset of many life-threatening diseases like diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Nutraceuticals range from dietary supplements (proteins, vitamins, and minerals), pure compounds to components derived from natural sources. Inflammation is the biological response to a harmful stimulus. While being helpful to remove the foreign object, inflammation also damages the body’s own cells. Inflammation is believed to be the cause for many chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity, and cancer. In this chapter we have elaborated the purified extracts and isolated phytoconstituents from plants as source of nutraceutical used specifically for the prevention/treatment of inflammation.
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    Leishmaniasis is the most widespread pathogenic disease in several countries. Currently, no effective vaccines are available, and the control of Leishmaniasis primarily relies on decade-old chemotherapy. The treatment for the Leishmaniasis is not up to the mark. Current therapy for Leishmaniasis is ancient and requires hospitalization for the administration. These medications are also highly toxic and resistant. β-carboline, a natural indole containing alkaloid, holds a vital position in the field of medicinal chemistry with a diversified pharmacological action. The current review focuses mainly on the anti-leishmanial effects of β-carboline analogs and their synthetic strategies, structural activity relationship studies (SAR). The past ten years alterations unveiled by β-carboline analogs present in phytoconstituents and various derivatives of synthesized analogs with the mechanism of action were briefly shortlisted and illustrated
    (Bentham Science, 2020) Murugesan, Sankaranarayanan
    Psoralen or furocoumarin is a linear three ring heterocyclic compound. Psoralens are planar, tricyclic compounds, consisting of a furan ring fused to a coumarin moiety. Psoralen has been known for a wide spectrum of biological activities, spanning from cytotoxic, photosensitizing, insecticidal, antibacterial to antifungal effect. Thus, several structural changes were introduced to explore the role of specific positions with respect to the biological activity. Convenient approaches utilized for the synthesis of psoralen skeleton can be categorized into two parts: (i) the preparation of the tricyclic ring system from resorcinol, (ii) the exocyclic modification of the intact ring system. Furthermore, although psoralens have been used in diverse ways, we mainly focus in this work on their clinical utility for the treatment of psioraisis, vitiligo and skin-related disorder