Department of Pharmacy

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    Current status of Liraglutide delivery systems for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    (Springer, 2025-09) Jindal, Anil B.
    Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of increasing global concern. Characterized by constantly elevated levels of glucose, severe β-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance, it is the cause of a major burden on patients if not managed with therapeutic and lifestyle changes. The human body is slowly developing tolerance to many marketed antidiabetic drugs and the quest for the discovery of newer molecules continues. Liraglutide is a prominent GLP-1 receptor agonist which is administered daily via subcutaneous injection. In addition to lowering HbA1c levels, it is also known for promoting weight loss and improving cardiovascular outcomes. A variety of novel formulation strategies have been explored to improve its bioavailability and patient compliance. To address these limitations, various advanced drug delivery systems have been investigated, including polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based nanocarriers, biodegradable microparticles, hydrogels, and dissolvable microneedles. These systems aim to prolong drug release, enhance mucosal penetration, increase stability, and reduce dosing frequency. While many of these platforms show promise in preclinical and early clinical studies, critical translational barriers remain. These include challenges in large-scale manufacturing, ensuring formulation sterility, achieving regulatory approval, and maintaining stability during storage and distribution.
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    Nanoparticle-based materials for wound management
    (Elsevier, 2024) Pandey, Murali Monohar
    Nanotechnology is an approach where nanoscale materials are biomedically used for the prevention of various diseases and infections. Their smaller size and larger surface area make them appropriate for various applications. Nanomaterials have immense potential for being used intrinsically or as nanocarriers to accelerate the process of wound healing and prevent any further bacterial contamination. In recent decades, research on nano-based therapies has reduced the incidence of acute and chronic infections which may lead to life-threatening situations if left untreated. Nanomaterials exist in various forms and structures such as nanospheres, nanocolloids, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, and nanocarriers, which can be fabricated using different technologies such as electrospinning and further could be potentially used as antimicrobial agents. In this chapter, we have demonstrated the advantages of using nanoparticles combined with traditional methodologies. Besides, we have elucidated the innovative strategies which use nanomaterials as either organic or inorganic nanoparticles. Further in-depth analytical reviews and future clinical experiments are necessarily required because existing wound healing therapies are not sufficient to provide excellent outcomes.
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    Editorial: Stimuli-responsive lipid-bioactive conjugate-based nanocarriers: a smart approach in biomaterial applications
    (Frontiers, 2024-05) Jain, Ankit
    Stimuli-responsive lipid-bioactive conjugate-based nanocarriers are a revolutionary approach in biomaterial applications. These advanced nanosystems can remarkably adapt to various stimuli within the body, including pH, temperature, enzymes, and light. Their adaptability empowers precise control over drug release kinetics, minimizing unwanted effects while maximizing therapeutic efficacy. These smart nanocarriers have unparalleled efficiency in traversing physiological barriers and targeting specific cells or tissues, rendering them invaluable assets in drug delivery, imaging, and theranostics. They offer a sophisticated solution for personalized medicine and targeted therapy strategies, which hold great promise in treating various diseases. Frontiers initiated a Research Topic titled “Stimuli-responsive lipid-bioactive conjugate-based nanocarriers: a smart approach in biomaterial applications” to present a compilation of this Research Topic. This Research Topic is coedited by Dr. Ankit Jain, Prof. Sanjay K. Jain, Prof. Umesh Kumar Patil, and Prof. Abhay Singh Chauhan. Dr. Nishi Mody contributed as topic coordinator.
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    Engineering of structural and functional properties of nanotherapeutics and nanodiagnostics for intranasal brain targeting in Alzheimer's
    (Elsevier, 2022-03) Pandey, Murali Monohar
    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the fifth leading cause of death on the planet. It hallmarks the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in geriatric patients. The condition witnesses early stages of mild dementia and learning inabilities. It progressively culminates into impaired behavioural functions, cognitive inability and impaired memory functions. Also, the COVID-19 pandemic has raised new concerns for AD patients as they are at higher risk of infection with COVID-19 than non-AD patients. The increasing toll of Alzheimer's patients is alarming a need for effective and safe therapeutics. This review discusses the various nanocarriers in delivering therapeutics for Alzheimer's via the intranasal route. Nanocarrier based therapeutic, diagnostic and theragnostic applications concerning AD have been covered. The review also discusses the nasal transport pathways and nanocarrier characteristics' role in cellular uptake mechanism. We have briefly discussed the potential biomarkers, imaging modalities, nano vaccines, advanced theragnostic probes, and related clinical studies. Lastly, we discussed the prospects concerning the development of intranasal nanodiagnostics and nanotherapeutics in Alzheimer's. Overall, this review summarizes various intranasal brain targeting strategies in AD.
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    Intranasal nanotherapeutics for brain targeting and clinical studies in Parkinson's disease
    (Elsevier, 2023-06) Pandey, Murali Monohar
    Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease globally, impacting the quality of life of millions of people. It is estimated that the treatment cost of PD in the USA can rise to 79 billion dollars by 2037. Limited drugs are approved by USFDA, which only provides symptomatic relief. Further, the drug efficacy is challenged due to low drug-brain concentration due to first-pass metabolism and blood-brain barrier (BBB). Intranasal drug administration can offer several advantages over systemic administration, providing efficient brain delivery. Nose-to-brain (N2B) drug delivery can enhance brain bioavailability, reduce enzymatic degradation, and reduce systemic adverse effects. However, due to poor absorption from the nasal mucosa, intranasal administration can be challenging for hydrophilic drugs. The drug mucociliary clearance, retention time, and nasal enzymatic degradation can also affect N2B drug delivery. Nanocarriers can enhance residence time, improve nasal permeation, increase brain uptake, and reduce enzymatic degradation. This review discusses the roles and applications of various N2B nanocarriers to treat PD effectively. Clinical trials of antiparkinson molecules is also covered. Lastly, safety aspects and prospects of potential nanotherapeutics for the effective treatment of PD are discussed.
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    Nanocarriers for topical delivery in psoriasis
    (Elsevier, 2020) Singhvi, Gautam
    Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder that affects millions of people across the planet. It causes many serious complications to afflicted patients and is indicated by uncontrolled growth and differentiation of keratinocytes. Conventional dosage forms have been used for the topical delivery of antipsoriatic drugs but they possess their own limitations. These include poor patient compliance, inadequate penetration and targeting to diseased skin, and local toxicity. In recent decades nanocarriers like liposomes, micelles, and solid lipid nanoparticles have shown potential in delivering antipsoriatic active compounds to the targeted areas of skin. Such novel formulations improve therapeutic efficacy, increase localization of drug in the skin, and decrease side effects. This chapter sheds light on the current advancements in the field of nanocarriers in treating the psoriatic skin condition.
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    Nanocarriers as Potential Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy
    (Springer, 2020-01) Singhvi, Gautam
    Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells and is the leading cause of death worldwide with an incidence of 11 million new cases each year. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have received much attention for cancer treatment. Nanocarriers are the delivery systems which are prepared by alteration of the size (1–1000 nm) and shape of a material to the nano-range level. Nanocarriers are prepared by utilizing natural, polymeric, inorganic magnetic silica-based materials. Various nanocarriers including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, magnetic nanoparticles, and other inorganic nanoparticles have been investigated for diagnostic, therapeutic, and drug targeting in cancer therapy. Nanocarriers act as a cancer-specific drug delivery or diagnostic agent by inherent passive targeting mechanism or adopted active targeting strategies by altering the surface properties with specific ligands. Targeted nanoparticulate systems increase the accumulation of the chemotherapeutic agent in the tumor tissue and reduce the toxicity to healthy cells. Nanocarriers extend the drug release for a longer duration and protect the drug from degradation. Nanocarriers are also proven effective for improving the pharmacokinetics of poorly soluble hydrophobic drugs by solubilizing or permeating them through lipophilic biological barriers.
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    Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Targeting
    (Taylor & Francis, 2021-03) Singhvi, Gautam
    This new volume, Nanocarriers for Brain Targeting: Principles and Applications, covers recent research on brain physiology and the development of drug delivery systems. It explores a diverse variety of strategies that can be employed to achieve drug targeting to the brain. The nanocarriers that are discussed include nanoparticles, vesicular carriers, carriers having carbon as a core constituent, dispersed systems, and more. The inherent anatomy and physiology of the brain renders it different from other organs. The past few decades have witnessed significant research on brain ailments in response to a majority of hospitalizations that occur due to age-related central nervous system disorders. The prevalence of diverse diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, HIV-dementia, etc., affect about 1.5 billion people globally, which is further anticipated to reach 1.9 billion by the year 2020. Nanocarriers for drug delivery to the brain are seen as one of the answers to this growing problem.
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    Application of QbD Principles in Nanocarrier-Based Drug Delivery Systems
    (Elsevier, 2019) Singhvi, Gautam
    Development of nanomedicines has become an attractive strategy in the delivery of therapeutics to overcome the problems associated with conventional therapy especially for cancer, skin infections, tuberculosis, and other long-term disorders. Preparation of nanocarriers includes multiple constituents and multiple steps which need to be understood in-depth. It is expected that the application of quality by design (QbD) approach can overcome the existing issues related to nanoformulation development and can provide wider acceptability for regulatory agencies to form constructive guidelines for their approval. The objective of QbD in nanocarrier drug delivery is to derive meaningful product specifications based on safety, efficacy, and clinical performance. It helps in investigation of variable factors with respect to materials and process involved and ultimately enhances the process capability with minimum product variability. This book chapter has compiled various QbD components which can be easily implemented for preparation and optimization of robust nanoformulations.
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    Nanocarriers For Drug Delivery: Mini Review
    (Bentham Science, 2018) Singhvi, Gautam
    Nanocarriers have been a part of drug delivery for some decades now. Due to the enormous advantages offered by them, they are replacing the conventionally available systems.