Department of Chemical Engineering
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Item Content Contributions to the Indian Adaption of Transport Phenomena(Wiley, 2021) Kuncharam, Bhanu Vardhan Reddy; Sheth, P.N.Item Advances in Downdraft Biomass Gasification( Nova Science Publishers, 2010) Sheth, P.N.Item Energy Integration in Process Plants(CRC, 2017) Sheth, P.N.Increased research is going on to explore the new cleaner options for the utilization of natural resources. This book aims to provide the scientific knowhow and orientation in the area of the emerging technologies for utilization of natural resources for sustainable development to the readers. The book includes production of energy and lifesaving drugs using natural resources as well as reduction of wastage of resources like water and energy for sustainable development in both technological as well as modeling aspects.Item Biomass thermo-chemical treatment methods and techno-economic assessment(Springer, 2018) Sheth, P.N.The concerns relating to global warming, climate change, and increasing energy demands have led to significant research towards the development of alternative energy to substitute the fossil energy sources. Biomass-based energy or biofuels are highly promising due to many perceptible environmental and socio-economic advantages. Cutting-edge academic research and advanced industrial product development have created tremendous scope for the implementation of biofuels at a global scale to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and supplement the escalating energy demands. The prime focus of this book is to provide an overview of the different technologies utilized to harness the chemical energy from plant-based non-edible biomass and other organic wastes in the form of solid, liquid, and gaseous biofuels. The opportunities and challenges of different biomass conversion technologies, especially biomass-to-liquid, biomass-to-gas and gas-to-liquid routes, as well as biomass pretreatments, densification, anaerobic digestion, reforming, transesterification, supercritical fluid extraction, microalgal carbon sequestration, life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis have been comprehensively discussed in this book. This book is an amalgamation of fifteen different chapters each with distinctive investigations and a collective focus relating to the transition from fossil fuels towards carbon-neutral biofuels. This book serves as a benchmark for academic and industrial researchers involved in exploring the true potentials of plant residues and waste organic matter to produce alternative renewable fuels. To realize the real promises of bioenergy, this book attempts to assess the biorefining approaches, biofuel production and application, and environmental sustainability.Item Waste-to-Energy: Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities for RDF Utilization in Indian Cement Industry(Springer, 2021) Sheth, P.N.Item Study of the Production Technologies of Heavy Crude Oil(IUP, 2010-11-10) Sheth, P.N.Roughly 10% of the world’s daily supply of petroleum is so thick that it cannot flow through pipelines on its own. The importance of heavy oil often defined as anything less than 20 American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity is escalating due to its sheer volume. While proven oil reserves worldwide stand at more than 1,200 billion barrels of conventional crude oil, the amount of heavy oil in place is five to ten times greater. In the decades ahead, heavy oil is likely to affect the global supply dynamics since 80% of the known heavy oil reserves are in the western hemisphere. It is mandatory that India utilizes the most of what it has. The problem is that heavy crude oil is notoriously difficult to recover, transport and refine. Only 6-8% of the available oil is considered recoverable with conventional technology. The main technical challenges are to lower the viscosity of the oil, understand its composition and handle heavier components. In the present study, various technologies related to the production of heavy crude oil are reviewed. The largest and the newest heavy oil field in India, i.e., Barmer region, Rajasthan, is considered as a case study.Item Modeling and Simulation of Reduction Zone of Downdraft Biomass Gasifier: Effect of Air to Fuel Ratio(JET, 2007) Sheth, P.N.Biomass mainly in the form of wood is the oldest form of energy used by humans. Biomass generally means a relatively dry solid of natural matter that has been specifically grown or has originated as waste or residue from handling such materials. The thermochemical conversion of biomass (pyrolysis, gasification, combustion) is one of the most promising non-nuclear forms of future energy. In the present study, the model reported in literature is simulated to study the effects of pyrolysis fraction on the outlet gas concentration in a downdraft biomass gasifier. It is found that the air to fuel ratio is one of the key parameters in the reduction zone of downdraft biomass gasifier. It effects the value of pyrolysis fraction in the model, and indirectly proportional to the pyrolysis fraction. Steady state composition and temperature profiles for the reduction zone of the downdraft biomass gasifier are also predicted for various values of air to fuel ratio.Item Power Generation from Biomass Gasification: A Renewable Energy Source based Technology(Electrical India, 2009) Sheth, P.N.Item Differential Evolution Approach for Obtaining Kinetic Parameters in Nonisothermal Pyrolysis of Biomass(Taylor & Francis, 2009-05) Sheth, P.N.Pyrolysis, a first step in the biomass gasification, is the thermal decomposition of organic matter under inert atmospheric conditions, leading to the release of volatiles and formation of char. As pyrolysis is a kinetically controlled reaction, kinetic parameter estimation is very important in the design of pyrolysis reactors. In the proposed kinetic model of this study, the kinetic scheme of biomass decomposition by two competing reactions giving gaseous volatiles and solid charcoal is used. Four different models are proposed based on different possible relation of activity of biomass with normalized conversion. The corresponding kinetic parameters of the above models are estimated by minimizing the square of the error between the reported nonisothermal experimental data of thermogravimetry of hazelnut shell and simulated model predicted values of residual weight fraction using differential evolution (DE), a population-based search algorithm. Among the four different models proposed in this study, the model in which rate of change of activity of biomass with normalized conversion proposed as a function of activity itself gave the best agreement with the experimental data.Item Experimental studies on producer gas generation from wood waste in a downdraft biomass gasifier(Elsiever, 2009-06) Sheth, P.N.A process of conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel into combustible gas by partial combustion is known as gasification. The resulting gas, known as producer gas, is more versatile in its use than the original solid biomass. In the present study, a downdraft biomass gasifier is used to carry out the gasification experiments with the waste generated while making furniture in the carpentry section of the institute’s workshop. Dalbergia sisoo, generally known as sesame wood or rose wood is mainly used in the furniture and wastage of the same is used as a biomass material in the present gasification studies. The effects of air flow rate and moisture content on biomass consumption rate and quality of the producer gas generated are studied by performing experiments. The performance of the biomass gasifier system is evaluated in terms of equivalence ratio, producer gas composition, calorific value of the producer gas, gas production rate, zone temperatures and cold gas efficiency. Material balance is carried out to examine the reliability of the results generated. The experimental results are compared with those reported in the literature.