Department of Chemistry

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Radiation Shielding Concrete with alternate constituents: An approach to address multiple hazards
(Elsiever, 2021-02-15) Singhal, Anupam; Routroy, Srikanta; Bhunia, Dipendu; Lahoti, Mukund
Radiation Shielding Concrete (RSC) is a superior alternative to many conventional and modern shields against gamma and neutron radiation hazards. The present work is the first comprehensive review on utilization of alternate materials, emphasizing hazardous industrial byproducts, as constituents of RSC. Such usage enhances the performance, sustainability, and affordability of RSC. Added advantages are the immobilization of wastes and the conservation of natural resources for RSC. The review analyses incorporation of ferrous and non-ferrous slags, mines wastes, plastics, red mud, cathode ray tube's glass, metallic wastes, fly ash, silica fume, and miscellaneous residues. Besides, utilization of fibers, nanoparticles, and calcined clay is investigated. The influence on shielding efficiency is adjudged by scrutinizing changes in parameters such as half-value layer and linear attenuation coefficients. Similarly, variations in mechanical and durability properties are investigated and compared. The underlying responsible factors related to the physical, chemical and morphological characteristics of materials and their consequences on RSC’s behavior are correlated. In association with alternatives, the advantages, disadvantages, and possible treatment methods are discussed. The country-wise, material-specific, and progressive research trends are revealed to facilitate future work in this upcoming field. Finally, conclusions are drawn with exposition of current bottlenecks and scope of future research.
A review on sustainable utilization of industrial wastes in radiation shielding concrete
(Elsiever, 2020) Singhal, Anupam; Srikanta, Routroy; Bhunia, Dipendu; Lahoti, Mukund
The increasing problem of industrial wastes' (IWs) accumulation and shortage of conventional construction materials such as aggregates can be simultaneously addressed by a careful selection and utilization of IWs in concrete. This paper targets an explicit assessment of the current status of utilization of various IWs in a particular type of concrete, namely, ‘Radiation Shielding Concrete (RSC)’. RSC is a high-density concrete which prevents any potential leakage of the X-rays, gamma rays, and fast-moving neutrons in various establishments such as nuclear power structures, X-ray or radiology department rooms in the hospitals. Traditionally, RSC has been made using high density natural aggregates like haematite, magnetite, or ilmenite, but this practice faces several challenges such as the NA being a limited resource, expensive, and non-available in several parts of the world. This paper reviews the research being carried out for the gainful utilization of various categories of IWs such as slags, supplementary cementitious materials, mines wastes, and a few miscellaneous IWs like polymers and glass, for a partial or complete replacement of conventional constituents of RSC for a greener construction.