Department of Economics and Finance
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Item Assessing the education production function for India with a specific focus on climatic factors(Emerald, 2025-08) Mohapatra, GeetilaxmiThe study estimated a model that considers education index data as the output in the education production function (EPF) as a function of various socioeconomic and climatic factors. This study utilized the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration bound testing approach to evaluate long-term connections and short-term fluctuations.Item Linking information and communication technology diffusion with green technology innovation in emerging economies: Does globalization and green energy growth matters?(Emerald, 2025-06) Giri, Arun Kumar; Mohapatra, GeetilaxmiThe present study aims to explore the intricate dynamics that shape the development of green technology innovation (GTI) in emerging economies during the period spanning from 2000 to 2020. With a specific focus on the crucial factors of ICT diffusion, globalization, green energy and economic growth, this research aims to elucidate the complex dynamics that contribute to the development of sustainable technological advancements.Item Is tourism pro-poor in India? An empirical investigation using ARDL approach(Emerald, 2022-12) Mohapatra, Geetilaxmi; Giri, Arun KumarStationarity properties of the series are checked by using the ADF unit root test. The paper uses the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing approach to cointegration to examine the existence of long-run relationships; error-correction mechanism for the short-run dynamics, and Granger non-causality test to test the direction of causality.Item Technological development, financial development, and economic growth in India: Is there a non-linear and asymmetric relationship?(Emerald, 2023-02) Giri, Arun Kumar; Mohapatra, Geetilaxmi; Debata, ByomakeshThe study employs the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lags model (NARDL) and Hetemi J asymmetric causality tests to explore nonlinearities in the dynamic interaction among the variables. The stationarity properties of data are checked by using Ng–Perron and ADF structural break unit root tests. The unit root test confirms that the variables are non-stationarity in level and are differenced stationary.Item Examining the trade-led Kuznets hypothesis for emerging economies: a multivariate framework(Emerald, 2023-05) Mohapatra, GeetilaxmiFor this purpose, recent econometric techniques, such as Common Correlated Effect (CCE) and Dynamic Common Correlated Effect (DCCE) estimators have been employed to deal with the cross-section dependence (CD) that arises in panel data, while the robustness of the study is checked through Driscoll–Kraay standard errors methodItem Examining the linkages between human capital and economic growth in India(Emerald, 2023-05) Mohapatra, GeetilaxmiThe study used the methodology given by World Bank, 2018) in calculating the human capital index (HCI). The HCI has been constructed at a regional level for all 28 Indian states and 8 Union Territories (UTs) for the period of 2015–2016. The study explored the linkages between HCI and per capita gross state domestic product (PGSDP). The study further employed OLS (Ordinary Least Square) for overall significance and Spearmen’s Rank correlation coefficient test for establishing the linkage between HCI and PGSDP.Item A comparative assessment of Composite Environmental Sustainability Index for emerging economies: a multidimensional approach(Emerald, 2023-07) Mohapatra, GeetilaxmiThe study finds that the overall CESI values lies between 2 and 4.8 for the 20 emerging countries considered in the study. This study depicts a diverse picture of environmental sustainability among emerging countries. The study also shows the trend of CESI values from 1990 to 2020. The bottom three countries whose CESI is very low compared to others are Iran, South Africa and Saudi Arabia. However, Brazil, Columbia and Chile are top three highest scorers in 2020.Item Groundwater quality, human health risks and major driving factors in arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, India(Elsevier, 2023-11) Mohapatra, Geetilaxmi; Arora, RahulEvaluating status, variability and identifying the factors influencing groundwater quality is essential to manage and conserve groundwater resources. The present study aims to examine groundwater quality for 15 water quality parameters from 84 stations in arid and semi-arid districts of Rajasthan, India, using annual data from 2000 to 2018. Statistical methods such as descriptive test statistics, Mann-Kendall (MK) test, Sen’s slope estimation, and Principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the hydrochemical parameters. While World Health Organisation (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) guidelines were used to assess the suitability of groundwater for domestic purposes, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), electrical conductivity (EC), and United States Salinity (USSL) diagrams were used for irrigation suitability. Further Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was used to explore the effect of climatic (precipitation, temperature) and anthropogenic (net irrigated area (NIA), fertilizer usage, industrialization, and population) variables on groundwater quality. The empirical results reveal that in groundwater of the study area sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) were the dominating cations, while chloride (Cl−) and bicarbonate (HCO3−) were the dominating anions. The groundwater was predominantly Na–Cl type. Further, most stations witnessed an increasing trend in calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride, bicarbonate and sulphate and a decreasing trend in potassium, fluoride and nitrate. The SAR, EC, and USSL indicate that the groundwater in the region is suitable for irrigation if salinity control measures are implemented. Chloride, fluoride and sodium concentrations exceeded the prescribed guideline limits in most stations, jeopardizing the suitability of water for drinking and posing significant health hazards. The GAM analysis revealed that anthropogenic variables significantly impact the groundwater quality parameters compared to the climatic variables. Accordingly, it is suggested that anthropogenic parameters must be addressed while formulating groundwater resource management policies. Thus, policies should focus on the stringent enactment of regulations and guidelines controlling the excessive use of fertilizers, implementing proper disposal of municipal solid and liquid waste, and managing industrial pollutants.Item Examining the tourism-induced environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for India(Springer, 2023-12) Mohapatra, Geetilaxmi; Giri, Arun KumarThis paper revisits the debate on the possible impact of tourism sector development on carbon emissions using annual time series data from 1980 to 2019. The present study is a pioneering attempt to estimate the threshold point for tourism-induced environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for India. For this purpose, the autoregressive distributive lag model and block-exogeneity Granger non-causality test have been employed. The empirical results confirm a long-run cointegrating relationship between tourist sector development, real GDP per capita, energy consumption, urbanization and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India. The results also indicate a positive and significant association between the tourism sector, economic growth, and carbon emissions in the long run and support the tourism-induced EKC hypothesis in India. Further, the study finds a long-run and short-run causal nexus between the variables. The findings also emphasize the need to rely less on the use of fossil fuels and instead transition to green energy production in the tourism industry. Given the size of the tourism industry in India, such practices would make a meaningful contribution to inclusive and sustainable development in the country.Item A temporal and spatial assessment of water stress with water poverty index: A case study of Rajasthan(Wiley, 2024-03) Mohapatra, Geetilaxmi; Arora, RahulThis paper examines the evolution of Rajasthan's water poverty status and identifies key areas where intervention is needed to address the state's water woes. For this, a modified water poverty index (MWPI) has been constructed using data from the National Sample Survey (NSS). To understand the spatial and temporal change, MWPI has been computed for all 33 districts for 2012 and 2018. Although the state's overall water poverty status has improved over the given period, descriptive data analysis reveals a decline in the resource component of the index. A deterioration in the index value of some of the districts' access, capacity, and secondary sources is also a concern. Given the dwindling access to safe, sufficient, and reliable water sources and an increase in the burden of water-related disease, the study recommends policy initiatives that urgently and explicitly address these issues.