Department of Economics and Finance
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Item COVID-19 and the Challenges of Virtual Mode of Education in India–University Practice Connect(Azim Premji University, 2020) Padhi, BalakrushnaThe COVID-19 outbreak that led to the closure of schools has had an unprecedented effect on children’s education and wellbeing. It is important to note that interrupting education services can have serious, long-term consequences for economies and societies, such as an increase in inequality, poorer health and nutrition outcomes, and reduced social cohesion. Therefore, the need to promote and safeguard every child’s right to education as set out in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE) should be given the utmost priority.Item Pandemic Beyond Lockdown in India(Orissa Economic Association, 2020) Padhi, BalakrushnaThe aim of this study is two-fold. First, it evaluates the scorecard of the COVID-19 pandemic in India and its major states during the last four phases of nationwide lockdowns and unlocks. Second, it examines the changing structure of the health status under this pandemic in terms of increasing COVID-19 cases. To this end, we have employed the prevalence rate, recovery rate, case fatality rate, doubling rate, and sample test multiple as methodologies using the daily data from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (India) and WHO. The analysis reveals that there is a huge variation in the prevalence rate, fatality rate, testing rate, and doubling rates across the states in India. From the end of the fourth lockdown (May 31, 2020) to the end of the fourth unlock (unlock 4.0–September 30, 2020), the prevalence rate has increased from 538 per million to 19185 per million during this period. The average case fatality rate in India was 2.2 per cent at the beginning of the first lockdown and increased to 3 per cent during the fourth lockdown. However, owing to the phase-wise unlocks, case fatality rate has reversed to 1.6 per cent till the end of unlock 4.0. On average, most of the states moved to a slower doubling rate of COVID-19 cases during the unlock periods. This study emphasises the need for rapid identification, to find isolation, quick test, and treat cases of COVID-19, including providing optimal care for its severity in patients, especially the elderly, to ensure these recent declining trends continue.Item Trajectories of Migrant’s Mobility amid Covid-19 Pandemic in Odisha(NILERED, 2022-08) Padhi, BalakrushnaThe unforeseen lockdowns across Indian states due to the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the labour forces involving millions of migrant workers, particularly engaged in the informal economy. The situation became complex when with ease in lockdown, migrant workers started returning to their source states. Odisha, an eastern state of India, witnessed a similar challenging situation when it had to receive thousands of desperate and distressed migrant workers who returned home amid the pandemic. The situation however revealed the inadequate knowledge about the migrant workers, despite their contribution to the state’s economy with remittances and skills. The situation also tested our personal knowledge about migrant workers, with disappointment and ineptitude, both professionally and academically. The existing studies rarely acknowledge the complex lived realities of the migrants in their own voices. After conducting in-depth interviews with returnee migrant workers amid COVID-19 situation, this study, while limited in its generalizability, illustrates the multifaceted complexities of migration situation through a grounded perspective from migrants themselves.