Department of Biological Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Light signaling in plants

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    Light signaling and UV-B-mediated plant growth regulation
    (Wiley, 2020-04) Yadukrishnan, Premachandran
    Light plays an important role in plants’ growth and development throughout their life cycle. Plants alter their morphological features in response to light cues of varying intensity and quality. Dedicated photoreceptors help plants to perceive light signals of different wavelengths. Activated photoreceptors stimulate the downstream signaling cascades that lead to extensive gene expression changes responsible for physiological and developmental responses. Proteins such as ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) and CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) act as important factors which modulate light-regulated gene expression, especially during seedling development. These factors function as central regulatory intermediates not only in red, far-red, and blue light pathways but also in the UV-B signaling pathway. UV-B radiation makes up only a minor fraction of sunlight, yet it imparts many positive and negative effects on plant growth. Studies on UV-B perception, signaling, and response in plants has considerably surged in recent times. Plants have developed different strategies to use UV-B as a developmental cue as well as to withstand high doses of UV-B radiation. Plants’ responses to UV-B are an integration of its cross-talks with both environmental factors and phytohormones. This review outlines the current developments in light signaling with a major focus on UV-B-mediated plant growth regulation.
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    Hormones and light-regulated seedling development
    (Springer, 2021-10) Yadukrishnan, Premachandran
    Light is one of the most important environmental signals, which has a profound impact on plant growth and development. Once a seed germinates, the proper emergence and establishment of the seedling into an autotrophic organism is extremely crucial for its survival. Various steps in the seedling establishment process are remarkably influenced by external light conditions. These steps include the dark-adapted growth of seedlings to emerge out of the soil cover; the opening and expansion of their embryonic leaves once they hit the light above the ground; the synthesis and accumulation of chloroplasts in the green parts to initiate photosynthesis; the accumulation of photoprotective compounds to safeguard the seedling from stress induced by sudden and excessive light exposure; the bending of the seedlings in response to the direction of light; the adjustment of root architecture in response to the direction and availability of light; and the morphogenic changes they undergo in a crowded population to avoid shade and reach for the sunlight. Plants possess specialized photoreceptors such as the Phytochromes, Cryptochromes, Phototropins and UVR8 to perceive different wavelengths of the light spectra. Downstream to these photoreceptors, central molecular players such as ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) together with numerous other regulatory proteins establish a highly sophisticated signaling network. The light signaling network often culminates in the regulation of different phytohormones to induce major developmental changes in the plant. This chapter will discuss the finely regulated interaction between light and hormonal pathways in determining the developmental plasticity of plants during seedling development.
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    Two in one: Splice isoforms of a HY5-homolog in rice regulate plant height in light and darkness
    (OUP, 2023-07) Yadukrishnan, Premachandran
    Plants possess intricate mechanisms to adjust their growth and development in response to the changes in the quality and quantity of environmental light. Specialized photoreceptors perceive discrete wavelengths of light and transduce the signals to the nucleus, causing widespread changes in the gene expression mediated by an array of transcription factors (Yadav et al. 2020). Seedlings growing in light form short hypocotyls and open and expanded cotyledons (photomorphogenesis), whereas in darkness they form elongated hypocotyls with an apical hook and closed cotyledons