Department of Mathematics

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    Bifurcation analysis and spatiotemporal dynamics in a diffusive predator–prey system incorporating a holling type II functional response
    (World Scientific, 2024) Dubey, Balram
    This study aims to investigate a diffusive predator–prey system incorporating additional food for predators, prey refuge, fear effect, and its carry-over effects. For the temporal model, the well-posedness and persistence of the system have been discussed. We investigated the existence and the stability behavior of the various equilibria. Furthermore, we explored the bifurcations of codimension-1 including transcritical, saddle-node, and Hopf, concerning the crucial parameters. The system also presents codimension-2 bifurcations such as Bogdanov–Takens and cusp bifurcation along with the global homoclinic bifurcation. We observed the bubbling phenomena, which illustrate the fluctuations in the amplitudes of the periodic oscillations. For the spatiotemporal system, we established the non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions. We derived the conditions for the diffusion-driven instabilities in a confined region with Neumann boundary conditions. Extensive numerical simulations have been conducted to depict the various stationary patterns in Turing space. It is observed that incorporating cross-diffusion divides the bi-parametric plane into various sub-regions and dynamic patterns are analyzed in these different regions. The intricate spatiotemporal dynamics exhibited by prey–predator interactions are crucial for unraveling the intricacies within ecological systems.
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    Stability and Bifurcation of a Prey-Predator System with Additional Food and Two Discrete Delays
    (Tech Science Press, 2021) Dubey, Balram
    In this paper, the impact of additional food and two discrete delays on the dynamics of a prey-predator model is investigated. The interaction between prey and predator is considered as Holling Type-II functional response. The additional food is provided to the predator to reduce its dependency on the prey. One delay is the gestation delay in predator while the other delay is the delay in supplying the additional food to predators. The positivity, boundedness and persistence of the solutions of the system are studied to show the system as biologically well-behaved. The existence of steady states, their local and global asymptotic behavior for the non-delayed system are investigated. It is shown that (i) predator’s dependency factor on additional food induces a periodic solution in the system, and (ii) the two delays considered in the system are capable to change the status of the stability behavior of the system. The existence of periodic solutions via Hopf-bifurcation is shown with respect to both the delays. Our analysis shows that both delay parameters play an important role in governing the dynamics of the system. The direction and stability of Hopf-bifurcation are also investigated through the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Numerical experiments are also conducted to validate the theoretical results.