Department of Civil Engineering
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Item Characterization of stainless steel pickling bath sludge and its solidification/stabilization(Elsevier, 2008-06) Singhal, AnupamX-ray diffractometer analysis of stainless steel sulfuric acid pickling bath sludge shows that it contains FeCr2O4, NiCr2O4, NiCrO4, and Cr2O3, which do not dissolve in the acids. X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF) study reveals that chromium concentration in the sludge is as high as in stainless steel, whereas nickel concentration is on lower side and iron is the major constituent of the sludge. Cement-sludge sand mortar cubes have been prepared in the laboratory. Compressive strength of these cubes decreases linearly with increase in sludge content. As per US EPA TCLP test, heavy metal (Cr and Ni) concentrations are negligible in leachate of cement-sludge sand mortar cubes at 28 days of curing. Hence, cement-sludge sand mortar cubes can be made for safe disposal of sludge.Item Utilization of treated spent liquor sludge with fly ash in cement and concrete(Elsevier, 2008-06) Singhal, AnupamDesign mix of M-20 concrete was prepared in the laboratory by substituting cement with the treated spent liquor sludge (TSLS) and fly ash. During the study, TSLS is fixed at 7.5% by weight, and fly ash is varied as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% to study the possibility of replacement of cement. A 15% fly ash gives the optimum compressive strength. Addition of fly ash has resulted in complete removal of toxicity as per US EPA toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test. A total of 7.5% sludge and 15% fly ash in M-20 concrete is expected to save Rs. 252/m3 (≈USD 5.3/m3) of concrete.Item Trials on sludge of lime treated spent liquor of pickling unit for use in the cement concrete and its leaching characteristics(2007) Singhal, AnupamDisposal of sludge of lime treated spent liquor pickling unit, as per the Act of Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 is not easy. Its transportation and construction of lined disposal sites pose very severe problem. In the normal practice, sludge is being disposed off on sides of roads and railway tracks to generally fill the low-lying areas. This may cause severe health hazards. An attempt has therefore been made to utilize the treated spent liquor sludge in cement concrete. Design mix M20 has been prepared with varying concentration of sludge in the laboratory. Toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) test as per USEPA has been carried out on cement concrete cubes