Department of Civil Engineering

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Eccentric loading

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    Economical design of rectangular footing subjected to uplift due to biaxial moments
    (Springer, 2025-03) Mittal, Ravi Kant; Jha, Shibani Khanra
    The superstructural load of the building is transferred to the ground through footing. The Footings are typically subjected to axial loads and biaxial moments. When moments are large it is uneconomical to design footings for full contact area of footing. Therefore, various codes permit uplifting of foundations. Solutions of footings subjected to biaxial moments during uplift are complex and time-consuming. Also, several algorithms are needed to achieve the desired results. This paper proposes a simplified solution to optimize footings under uplift subjected to biaxial moments. The footing with biaxial moments is categorised into different zones based on the location of neutral axis and position of eccentricity of the load. The approach described in this study utilizes the functions of the Excel solver while adding the necessary constraints to determine the minimal size of the rectangular footing. Further, the maximum pressures for different zones were estimated, and optimisation was carried out with the appropriate constraints for each zone separately. The values obtained by this approach were compared with those in the literature, and percentage decrease in the footing area was observed from 1.1 to 15.7%.
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    Use of waste tire-chips in shallow footings subjected to eccentric loading-an experimental study
    (Springer, 2019-02) Mittal, Ravi Kant
    Growing generation of waste tires represents a serious danger to the environment and human well-being. This paper focusses on applications of tire wastes in shallow footings subjected to eccentric loading. Presence of eccentric loads significantly reduces the load carrying capacity of the soil. Therefore, laboratory model tests were conducted on tire chip reinforced sand subjected to eccentric loading conditions. Parameters considered for the study were waste tire chip content, reinforcement depth and relative density while eccentricity of the loading was varied as 0.1B and 0.2B, where B is the width of the footing. A substantial increase in bearing capacity was observed at all strains. Based on the experimental results, the optimum quantity of tire waste and the depth of reinforcement recommended is 30% (by weight) and 1B respectively. The improvements were more significant at higher eccentricities with bearing capacity ratio obtained as high as 5.77 and 7.46 at low and high strains respectively. Moreover, the beneficial effects of the proposed technique were visible at both the dense as well as loose states.