BITS Faculty Publications
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Item Leveraging precision agriculture techniques using UAVs and emerging disruptive technologies(Elsevier, 2024-07) Gupta, ShashankThe next great innovation in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) technology is smart UAVs, which aim to provide new possibilities in numerous applications. There is an increasing usage of UAVs in various fields of civil applications including live tracking, wireless connectivity, distribution of goods, remote sensing, protection and surveillance, precision agriculture, and review of civil infrastructure. UAVs or drones have a tremen- dous potential to provide smart farming with various productive solutions. Internet of Things (IoT) technologies together with UAVs are anticipated to transform agriculture, allowing decision- making in days rather than weeks, offering substantial cost savings and yield increases. These technologies are employed in a number of different ways, from monitoring crop status and amount of moisture in soil in real time to using drones to help with activities such as the application of pesticide spray. Nonethe- less, the employment of such IoT and smart networking technol- ogy, exposes the smart farming ecosystem to cyber security risks and vulnerabilities. This survey gives a detailed understanding of UAV applications in Precision Agriculture (PA). In this survey, we demonstrate a comprehensive analysis on security and privacy in a smart farming scenario. In this complex and dispersed cyber- physical environment, we describe how Blockchain technology along with 5 G in UAVs communication network can dissipate the security issues of the network. The survey addresses possible scenarios for cyber threats and the advancement in the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence that can boost cybersecurity. At last, the survey outlines open research issues and future directions in the field of cybersecurity in UAVs and PA.Item Evolution and Adoption of Next Generation IoT-Driven Health Care 4.0 Systems(Springer, 2022-07) Gupta, ShashankThe uprising of Internet of Things (IoT) has dramatically influenced the world’s technology in terms of interoperability, connectivity and interconnectivity with help of smart sensors, devices, objects, data and applications. General population aging, dearth of healthcare resources and upsurge in healthcare costs makes IoT advancements in healthcare all the more essential in order to confront these challenges. The revolution in IoT healthcare is redeveloping the healthcare sector in every aspect – social, technical and economical. This article presents a comprehensive survey on upcoming technologies helpful in healthcare 4.0 systems where the major focus is on emerging technologies like fog computing, cloud computing, machine learning and Bigdata analytics and that are all based on IoT based healthcare applications. In addition, the authors also provided an exhaustive survey on Wide Body Area Network (WBAN)-based IoT health care systems and discussed their network topology, architecture, platform, services and their applications. In addition, this study analyses IoT healthcare security challenges, possible threats, attack taxonomies and how blockchain technology can be helpful in countering these challenges. Lastly, exhaustive state-of-the-art technologies, challenges identified so far and possible future scope of this domain is also discussed in this survey.Item Leveraging big data analytics in 5G-enabled IoT and industrial IoT for the development of sustainable smart cities(2022-07) Gupta, ShashankThere has been an exponential growth in the number of low-cost heterogeneous sensor devices that are connected to the internet in the existing infrastructure of smart cities in the past decade. These sensors and actuator devices are employed in various industries to collect invaluable data that greatly impacts business decisions. State-of-the-art research is being carried out to process the high-volume data collected in high velocity streams with high variability in order to draw meaningful insights to cater to business needs in various domains. Big data analytics finds diversified opportunities in 5G-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) and industrial IoT environment to study the data patterns and produce new results which provides big organizations a conducive environment to take informed decisions. This article presents an exhaustive investigation of the various applications and algorithms of the big data analytics in 5G-driven IoT and industrial IoT systems with a detailed taxonomy of the existing analytical systems and also the challenges specific to the applications in an IoT environment. A holistic understanding on the importance of security and privacy of big data during the development of smart city infrastructure in high velocity streaming process has been explained for a broad understanding of the big data streaming processes. A thorough analysis of important data mining algorithms such as classification, association rule mining, clustering, and prediction methods for big IoT data from the recent literature also has been presented to provide a clear understanding of existing issues in handling big data in 5G-enabled IoT for the development of sustainable smart city infrastructure.Item Drones as a service (DaaS) for 5G networks and blockchain-assisted IoT-based smart city infrastructure(Springer, 2024-04) Gupta, ShashankRecent ground-breaking research in the Internet of Things (IoT) and drone technology has brought about revolutionary advancements in automation, remote sensing, and remote operations. Drones have gained massive popularity in IoT applications, like remote monitoring and task automation. Consequently, an innovative business model called Drones-as-a-Service (DaaS), which aims at leasing out drones for commercial use, is gaining momentum in the market. This spike in demand for drones is credited to their ease of deployment, flexibility of operation, and risk-free functioning. To fully utilize the advantages that drones provide and further delve into the flourishing field of drone research, it is essential to acquaint ourselves with the scope of this field and understand the capabilities of a drone. The methodology employed in this survey paper encompassed a thorough literature review to establish a foundation, followed by the design and implementation of a comprehensive survey instrument. As a result, this survey provides a means for the reader to explore diverse drone research topics, ranging from basic drone types and deployment architectures to complex drone networking and communication systems. Intelligence-based enhancements for drone communications and Blockchain-based security solutions have also been discussed. We have conducted detailed comparisons between different classes and architectures of drones, drone communication protocols (WiFi, LTE, 5G, satellites), and drone-enabled 5G networks (Ad hoc networks and Software Defined Networks). Blockchain-based and Intelligence-assisted solutions for 5G-related drone network security concerns have also been discussed. We also highlight the utility of drones in present-day Smart City Infrastructure, ranging across multitudes of applications, as well as in the Precision Agriculture domain and their future scope. Finally, we outline significant security challenges and cyber-attacks faced by drones and their countermeasures, as proposed in the state-of-the-art literature. In conclusion, we end this survey by discussing the future scope and directions of drone research.Item A way forward towards a technology-driven development of industry 4.0 using big data analytics in 5G-enabled IIoT(Wiley, 2021-10) Dua, Amit; Gupta, ShashankThe evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the development of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). IIoT is one the widely applied areas to facilitate people in the manufacturing world. The adoption of IIoT automates sensing, capturing, communicating, and processing in real time. To understand how rapidly IoT and IIoT are growing, this article examines the emergence of 5G-enabled IIoT, current research trends in IIoT, key milestones achieved in IIoT, and IoT applications specific to 5G-enabled IIoT. The paper presents the state-of-the-art in networking layered framework of IIoT and comparing relationships of technologies of cloud computing as well as edge computing paradigms. We also explored the type of security attacks and their preventive measures in an IIoT-driven 5G technology. We have also highlighted the revolution of IIoT-driven 5G framework which satisfies the demands of IIoT applications.Item A survey on the role of Internet of Things for adopting and promoting Agriculture 4.0(Elsevier, 2021-08) Chamola, Vinay; Gupta, ShashankThere is a rapid increase in the adoption of emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Internet of Underground Things (IoUT), Data analytics in the agriculture domain to meet the increased food demand to cater to the increasing population. Agriculture 4.0 is set to revolutionize agriculture productivity by using Precision Agriculture (PA), IoT, UAVs, IoUT, and other technologies to increase agriculture produce for growing demographics while addressing various farm-related issues. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of how multiple technologies such as IoT, UAVs, IoUT, Big Data Analytics, Deep Learning Techniques, and Machine Learning methods can be used to manage various farm-related operations. For each of these technologies, a detailed review is done on how the technology is being used in Agriculture 4.0. These discussions include an overview of relevant technologies, their use cases, existing case studies, and research works that demonstrate the use of these technologies in Agriculture 4.0. This paper also highlights the various future research gaps in the adoption of these technologies in Agriculture 4.0