BITS Faculty Publications
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Item Design, synthesis and evaluation of acridin-9-yl hydrazide derivatives as BACE-1 inhibitors(Springer, 2016-04) Jadhav, Hemant R.BACE-1, an aspartyl protease is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. In this paper, we report BACE-1 inhibitory potential of acridin-9-yl hydrazide derivatives, known to inhibit other aspartyl proteases. The derivatives were designed based on the docking study, synthesized and assessed for BACE-1 inhibition in vitro. Docking simulation predicted the binding of prototype acridin-9-yl hydrazide at BACE-1 active site. The enzyme–inhibitor complex was primarily stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the hydrazide part of the inhibitor and side chain of Gly11, which is important amino acid of 10s loop. The acridinyl moiety showed π–π stacking with Tyr71 while the phenyl ring was buried in S1 cavity. Enzyme inhibition experiments showed that the synthesized compounds had moderate activity with compound AA-13 having 54.54 % inhibition at 10 µM concentration.Item Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Embelin–Aryl/alkyl Amine Hybrids as Orally Bioavailable Blood–Brain Barrier Permeable Multitargeted Agents with Therapeutic Potential in Alzheimer’s Disease: Discovery of SB-1448(ACS, 2023-02) Jadhav, Hemant R.The complex and multifaceted nature of Alzheimer’s disease has brought about a pressing demand to develop ligands targeting multiple pathways to combat its outrageous prevalence. Embelin is a major secondary metabolite of Embelia ribes Burm f., one of the oldest herbs in Indian traditional medicine. It is a micromolar inhibitor of cholinesterases (ChEs) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) with poor absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. Herein, we synthesize a series of embelin–aryl/alkyl amine hybrids to improve its physicochemical properties and therapeutic potency against targeted enzymes. The most active derivative, 9j (SB-1448), inhibits human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE), human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE), and human BACE-1 (hBACE-1) with IC50 values of 0.15, 1.6, and 0.6 μM, respectively. It inhibits both ChEs noncompetitively with ki values of 0.21 and 1.3 μM, respectively. It is orally bioavailable, crosses blood–brain barrier (BBB), inhibits Aβ self-aggregation, possesses good ADME properties, and protects neuronal cells from scopolamine-induced cell death. The oral administration of 9j at 30 mg/kg attenuates the scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in C57BL/6J mice.Item Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation studies of sulfonyl-amino-acetamides as small molecule BACE-1 inhibitors(Elsevier, 2016-06) Jadhav, Hemant R.The identification of a series of sulfonyl-amino-acetamides as BACE-1 (β-secretase) inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is reported. The derivatives were designed based on the docking simulation study, synthesized and assessed for BACE-1 inhibition in vitro. The designed ligands revealed desired binding interactions with the catalytic aspartate dyad and occupance of S1 and S2′ active site regions. These in silico results correlated well with in vitro activity. Out of 33 compounds synthesized, 12 compounds showed significant inhibition at 10 μM concentration. The most active compound 2.17S had IC50 of 7.90 μM against BACE-1, which was concomitant with results of in silico docking study.