BITS Faculty Publications
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Item Exergoeconomic and environmental performance assessment of the solar-assisted thermal power plant(Taylor & Francis, 2022-11) Soni, Manoj KumarAt a time when global climate change is imposing a mounting challenge to the economy of the world, conventional coal-fired steam power plants are under tremendous pressure to meet severe climatic protocols for achieving the set sustainable development goals. Therefore, this research work investigates the energetic, exergetic, economical and environmental performance of a 330 MWe sub-critical coal-fired thermal power plant integrated with solar thermal energy. The results of energetic and exergetic analyses show that the highest energy efficiency of 38.04% and the highest exergy efficiency of 36.22% are attained for Option 3. The environmental analysis performed using the fuel-saving approach shows that the maximum reduction in coal consumption and CO2 emissions also corresponds to Option 3. The economic analysis showed that for all three replacement options, the levelised cost of electricity is 4.52, 4.47, and 4.63 (Cents/kWh) and the simple payback period is 3.4, 3.3 and 3.6 (years), respectively.Item Experimental investigation of exergy performance of a water cooled hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector(Inder Science, 2020-05) Soni, Manoj KumarIn this paper, the performance of a water cooled hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector is evaluated by carrying out experimental exergy analysis by designing and fabricating a hybrid system to provide combined heat and power. The experimentation was carried out for mass flow rates, collectively ranging from 0.083 kg/s to 0.116 kg/s in different configurations. Along with losses and exergy destruction, the exergy efficiency was calculated using three different scenarios, i.e., by excluding exergy losses, by taking exergy losses and destruction and by considering exergy destruction only. On comparison, exergy efficiency for last scenario was observed on higher side and ranged between 48.55% to 61.36%, 41.44% to 55.85% and 35.09% to 48.16% for fixed inner tube flow rate of 0.091 kg/s and varying annulus mass flow rate of 0.008 kg/s, 0.017 kg/s and 0.025 kg/s, respectively. Such hybrid system may provide combined heat and power for semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, India.Item Exergy analysis of a photovoltaic thermal system with earth water heat exchanger cooling system based on experimental data(Inder Science, 2017-08) Soni, Manoj KumarIn this paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate the experimental exergetic assessment of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system with novel cooling technology termed as earth water heat exchanger (EWHE) cooling. The exergetic efficiency is calculated by considering of exergy destructions and exergy losses. It was observed that the total exergetic efficiency of PV/T is the function of mass flow rate of cooling water for a given solar radiation. The exergetic efficiency of the PV/T system is calculated in three ways, Case I: excluding exergy losses, Case II: including both exergy losses and exergy destructions and Case III: considering only exergy destructions. The results of all the cases were compared and it was found out that the exergetic efficiency of PV/T in Case III was more than the other two cases and it lies between 24.95% to 25.85% and 24.30% to 25.57% for the flow rate of 0.017 kg/s and 0.025 kg/s respectively.Item Techno-economic Parametric Assessment of CSP Power Generations Technologies in India(Elsevier, 2014) Soni, Manoj KumarIndia lies in the sunniest regions of the world and has a high potential for solar energy for power generation, given that both technology routes for conversion of solar radiation into heat and electricity. One of the technologies, Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) uses direct sunlight, concentrating it to the focus of solar thermal concentrating systems where the light is absorbed by some material surface to produce high temperatures. The CSP can also be used for centralized level with high power requirement. The current work focuses on the parameters required for the commissioning of the Concentrating Solar Power plants in India. Various parameters which were relevant to this technology are identified from the literature review and by discussion with experts. To evaluate those identified parameters and to know the perceptions of key players in this area a survey was conducted. Total of thirty nine relevant parameters are considered and categorized under two aspects, viz technical and economical aspects. The main purpose of the research is to determine how the judgment level for different parameters, varies among different groups. The results of this study may be useful for the decision and policy makers of CSP technologies.Item Experimental and theoretical analysis of glazed tube-and-sheet photovoltaic/thermal system with earth water heat exchanger cooling(Elsevier, 2017-12) Soni, Manoj KumarIn the present paper, an attempt has been made to investigate the theoretical and practical performances of the photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system coupled with earth water heat exchanger (EWHE) cooling system for the conditions of semi-arid region of Pilani, Rajasthan. The experimental studies have been performed for different flow rates of cooling water (0.033 kg/s, 0.025 kg/s and 0.017 kg/s) for a typical day climatic conditions. An electrical efficiency comparison was made for two scenarios when the PV panel was connected or disconnected with the thermal collector and found out that the average electrical efficiency of PV/T panels is higher than the normal PV efficiency. The results of the experimental study showed that the maximum PV panel temperature goes up to 73 °C without any cooling. On the other hand, the PV panel temperature drops in the range of 43.68–49.64 °C with the flow rate of 0.033 kg/s. It has been estimated that the electrical and thermal efficiencies of the PV/T system with cooling are in the range of 8.26–8.52% and 44.06–55.45% respectively for flow rate of 0.033 kg/s. The EWHE pipe length of 38 m found to be sufficient for the proposed system. The experimental results are validated with the theoretical model by using basic energy balance equations and found in good agreement with percentage error of 0.91–12.09%.Item Experimental and theoretical analysis of hybrid concentrated photovoltaic/thermal system using parabolic trough collector(Elsevier, 2020-05) Soni, Manoj KumarIn the current work, a hybrid concentrated photovoltaic thermal system was designed and coupled with a parabolic trough collector and investigated theoretically and experimentally for combined heat and power output. In the design, a photovoltaic module was mounted on a flat surface of parabolic trough absorber tube having semi cylindrical shape. A provision was made to cool photovoltaic panel from both the surfaces by flowing water through the absorber tube as well as the annulus of between absorber tube and glass cover. The model was developed using first law of the thermodynamics and then validated using experimental data generated through the fabricated setup. During the experimentation, the annulus flow rate was varied from 0.008 kg/s, 0.017 kg/s and 0.025 kg/s and inner flow rate was varied from 0.075 kg/s, 0.083 kg/s and 0.091 kg/s. The field testing results showed the mean overall efficiency of system obtained as 61.42%, 64.61% and 66.36% for inner tube flow rate of 0.075 kg/s, 0.083 kg/s and 0.091 kg/s respectively for annulus flow rate of 0.008 kg/s. The theoretical results of hybrid system obtained from the simulation are in good agreement with the experimental data. In the end environmental cost analysis was also carried out for the proposed system.Item An integrated photovoltaic thermal solar (IPVTS) system with earth water heat exchanger cooling: Energy and exergy analysis(Elsevier, 2017-11) Soni, Manoj KumarIn the current paper, a new hybrid system is investigated in which integrated photovoltaic thermal solar system (IPVTS) is coupled with earth water heat exchanger (EWHE). The performance of such coupled system is evaluated analytically by developing a theoretical model and validated experimentally on an experimental set-up installed in Pilani, India. Further to identify the grey areas for the improvement and to utilize the maximum energy, second law thermodynamic analysis of coupled system has been carried out in terms of exergy losses and exergy destructions. An electrical efficiency comparison was made between the PV panel connected to the broad water channel cooling and normal PV panel. The results show that with EWHE cooling, there is increase in experimental electrical efficiency of IPVTS by 1.02–1.41% as compared to without cooling. The second law analysis for two different scenarios was carried out. The second law analysis shows that the exergetic efficiency for a first scenario varies from 8.50% to 8.75%; while for the second scenario, it ranges from 8.16% to 8.54%. The analysis provides the feasibility of IPVTS coupled with EWHE system which could be used for the semi-arid regions of North-West India.Item Techno-economic parametric assessment of solar power in India: A survey(Elsevier, 2014-12) Soni, Manoj KumarThere are two ways by which solar energy can be harnessed viz. solar Photo-Voltaic (PV) and Concentrating Solar Power (CSP). This paper focuses on the parameters required for the commissioning of solar power plants in India using these technologies. The key parameters have been identified through the literature review and discussion with the experts. The parameters thus obtained, are classified under PV and CSP technologies and then categorized into technical and economical parameters. A survey is conducted to understand the perceptions of Indian key players in the area of solar energy and to rank forty one identified parameters. Analysis of survey shows that location of the site and direct investment cost are the highest preferred technical and economical parameters respectively. The results of this study will help decision makers and policy makers of solar technologies in India.