BITS Faculty Publications
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Item Implementation of Wired and IoT Based Wireless Transmitters for a Pressure Sensor(IEEE, 2023-02) Yenuganti, SujanIn this paper, a wired and wireless transmitter for two different designs of hall effect-based pressure sensors are designed and experimentally tested. A wired transmitter is designed by converting the actual sensor output to a 1-5V range using a signal conditioning circuit, followed by a voltage-to-current (V-I) converter to convert the signal conditioning circuit output to a 4-20 mA current signal which can be transmitted to any remote indicator without any data loss. A wireless transmitter is also designed with the same signal conditioning circuit and a Wi-Fi module to transmit the pressure sensor data wirelessly to the IoT cloud server. The Blynk IoT console is used as a server to access the transmitted data through a PC/laptop connected to the Internet. The linearity as % deviation and % error of the V-I converter is calculated for wired transmission and the mismatch between transmitted and received data is also found for the wireless transmission for both sensor designs. The proposed transmitters are of low cost, and simple in design, and the pressure sensor data can be transmitted in real-time using both wired and wireless modes.Item Design and Simulation of a Differential Resonant Pressure Sensor(IEEE, 2023) Yenuganti, SujanPressure is one of the critical physical attributes that need to be continuously monitored, accurately measured, and recorded in most of manufacturing industries. This paper proposed a novel depiction of a differential resonant-based pressure sensor with a circular diaphragm and boss structure for gauging pressure in the range of 0–10 bar. The applied pressure is converted into a differential frequency signal at the two beams having one edge rigidly fixed and the other one, connected to a central structure which is coupled to the boss structure of the diaphragm. Both the analytical and numerical modeling were performed on the sensor design. Optimum sensor dimensions were scaled during numerical simulation in such a way that the diaphragm bestows maximum deflection when pressure is applied to it. The differential arrangement of the beams also helps in maintaining their stability for any ambient temperature divergence. Analytical model results performed using MATLAB were also found to be in accordance with the numerical simulation done on COMSOL Multiphysics. Stainless steel was used as the material for the simulations and was also intended to be the material for the fabrication of the sensor. Using stainless steel as the fabricating material and the sensor’s self-packaging design gives it the ability to perform well even at high temperatures and also provides protection from general corrosive environmentsItem T-Shaped Resonating Beam Pressure Sensor(IEEE, 2012) Yenuganti, SujanA resonant pressure sensor with a provision for incorporating appropriate actuation and detection mechanism using fully surface micromachined process is presented in this paper. The pressure sensing element is a Tshaped resonating beam encapsulated beneath a polysilicon rectangular diaphragm and fully enclosed in a sealed vacuum cavity. This design enables high pressure sensitivity, miniature chip size and as well as good environmental isolation. The proposed structure is evaluated for pressure sensitivity theoretically and numerically using MEMS CAD tool CoventorWare. The pressure sensitivity of the sensor with a T-shaped 1.2 μm thick beam is found to be 10.2%/bar with the beam resonance frequency of about 792 kHzItem Fabrication and testing of a Hall effect based pressure sensor(Emerald, 2022-04) Yenuganti, SujanThis paper aims to present the fabrication and testing of a pressure sensor integrated with Hall effect sensors and permanent magnets arranged in two configurations to measure pressure in the range of 0–1 bar. The sensor is fabricated using stainless steel (SS) and can be used in high-temperature and highly corrosive environments. The fabricated sensor is of low cost, self-packaged and the differential arrangement helps in compensating for any ambient temperature variations.Item A Differential Hall Effect Based Pressure Sensor(Springer, 2021-01) Yenuganti, SujanThis paper presents the design and simulation of a pressure sensor integrated with two identical hall effect sensors and permanent magnets arranged in a differential configuration for measuring pressure in the range of 0–20 bar. The sensor uses the deflection of a circular diaphragm with a simple rigid mechanical structure to convert the applied pressure to a differential hall voltage output. A complete analytical modelling was carried out by assuming the rigid mechanical structure as a central circular boss structure on the circular diaphragm. Numerical simulations were also carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics FEM tool to support the analytical results. Before going for actual fabrication, the optimum sensor dimensions were also fixed from both analytical modelling and numerical simulation analysis. The sensor was planned to be fabricated completely using different grades of stainless steel and hence can be used in high temperature and corrosive environments. The fabricated sensor can be of low cost, self-packaged and the differential arrangement helps in compensating for any ambient temperature variations.Item Design and Simulation of Digital Output MEMS Pressure Sensor(Springer, 2020-05) Yenuganti, SujanThis paper presents the design and simulation of a MEMS pressure sensor with a digital output for measuring pressure in the range of 0–1 bar. The sensor uses the diaphragm deflection and a simple mechanical structure to convert the applied pressure to a logic digital output. Three different designs of the sensor have been proposed with square and circular diaphragms. The first design uses ten different sized square diaphragms on the same substrate to get a resolution of 0.1 bar. The second design uses a single square diaphragm instead of ten to get the same resolution. The third design also uses a single circular diaphragm with a central boss structure, which reduces the deflection nonlinearity at low pressures. Analytical analysis was carried out for all the diaphragm deflections, and the results are supported by numerical simulations carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics tool. The proposed sensor can operate on 5 V which suits well with conventional CMOS logic. The direct digital output from the pressure sensor makes its useful in wide variety of applications.Item Langasite crystal based pressure sensor with temperature compensation(Elsevier, 2018-10) Yenuganti, SujanThis paper presents the design and testing of a new pressure sensor utilizing a doubly rotated cut piezoelectric langasite (LGS) crystal resonator with temperature compensation. The sensor can measure temperature and pressure simultaneously by using the dual mode nature of the doubly rotated cut langasite resonator (SBTC). The sensor is designed using CAD software, fabricated and tested experimentally in the laboratory for a pressure range from 0 to 45 PSI. Before fabrication the sensing principle was verified performing a force frequency analysis on the langasite resonator using a special apparatus. The experimental results on the sensor show a good linear relationship between applied pressure and C-mode frequency. Temperature compensation is also achieved by utilizing the dual mode behavior of the LGS crystal resonator. The comparison between our experiment and Peer’s theoretical modelling results shows a reasonable consistency. The sensor structure is very compact, robust, low cost and temperature compensation can be achieved at high temperatures particularly in nuclear applications.