BITS Faculty Publications

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    Asymmetric immobilization of antibodies on a piezo-resistive micro-cantilever surface
    (RSC, 2016) Rao, V. Ramgopal
    For cantilever-based MEMS sensors, selective chemical modification of the sensing surface is used for the detection of chemical and biological analytes. One of the key challenges in these kind of applications is to obtain an increased level of sensitivity, which largely depends on the surface coverage of the respective probe molecules on one of the cantilever surfaces (asymmetric immobilization). Usually, a blocking layer of another material like gold is deposited on one side of the cantilever surface to obtain layers with different chemical properties. In this paper, we report a novel approach of grafting antibodies on a single side of micro-fabricated piezo-resistive cantilevers. The microcantilevers were fabricated with polysilicon as the piezo-resistive layer, sandwiched between silicon dioxide structural layers. In order to immobilize antibodies on one of the cantilever surfaces (top or bottom), a thin layer of amorphous silicon was deposited on the surface where immobilization needs to be done. This amorphous silicon layer was partially modified into silicon nitride by a Hot-Wire Chemical Vapour Deposition (HWCVD) mediated pyrolytic ammonia-cracking process. The developed selective surface modification protocol for nitride and silicon dioxide surface was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry and contact-angle goniometry. The protocol was first developed on silicon wafer surface, further extending its application onto the piezo-resistive micro-cantilevers. Consequentially, asymmetric immobilization was successfully carried out by selectively grafting antibodies onto the top (modified into nitride) surface of the micro-cantilever by passivating the bottom oxide surface. It was verified using fluorescence microscopy and laser confocal microscopy. Further, we have demonstrated that asymmetrically modified cantilevers show an increased electrical response (20–100%) in comparison to symmetrically modified ones.
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    Modeling the interaction between avascular cancerous cells and acquired immune response
    (World Scientific, 2008) Dubey, Balram; Dubey, Uma S.
    This paper deals with the interaction between dispersed cancer cells and the major populations of the immune system, namely, the T helper cells, T Cytotoxic cells, B cells, and antibodies produced. The system is described by a set of five ordinary differential equations. Both local and global stability of the system has been investigated. It has been observed that under appropriate conditions this interaction is capable of controlling the growth of these cancer cells. The analytical findings are supported by numerical and computational analytical methods.
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    THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CAMEL MILK
    (EJFA, 2016) Dubey, Uma S.; Kapur, Suman
    Camel milkis recognized for its therapeutic potential against many diseases. It is reported to have microbicidal and immuno stimulatory properties as it contains immunoactive proteins like lysozyme, lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin. Camelid antibodies have a unique structure. Theypossess the heavy chains but are devoid of the usual light chains. This special feature enhances theirpenetration. Camelid proteins have a very high degree of thermal stability and areresistant to acid hydrolysis. Camel milk components act like a ligand to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.They significantly inhibit the induction of some cancer-activating genes and also induce tumor suppressor genes. Modulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptors is now recognized to have a vital role in cancer therapy. The present review deals with clinical significance of camel milk with special reference to cancer. It also encompasses its unique composition, relevance to otherdiseases and special properties as compared to human milk.