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Item Evaluation of synergistic anti-inflammatory activity of selected natural products in combination with teriflunomide in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells for rheumatoid arthritis treatment(Elsevier, 2025-09) Jindal, Anil B.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated disorder that involves joints and synovial membrane, and requires combination therapy for effective management. Teriflunomide (TFD) belongs to Synthetic Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), prescribed either alone or in combination therapy. The combination of clinical drugs with natural products offers a promising strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce the dose and thus ameliorate side effects. This study aims to evaluate the synergistic anti-inflammatory efficacy of TFD with selected natural products such as Andrographolide (ANG), Quercetin (QCN), Resveratrol (RES), Rutin (RUT) and Tanshinone IIA (TAN) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The initial screening was performed using nitric oxide (NO) assay to determine the IC50, with prior determination of the safest concentration range using the MTT assay. The study utilized a constant ratio design to assess synergy, employing the NO assay and calculating the combination index (CI), isobologram analysis, and dose reduction index (DRI). Among the tested combinations, QCN, RES, and TAN with TFD displayed low CI values and were evaluated for proinflammatory cytokines using ELISA. Notably, the combination of QCN and TFD showed significant synergistic activity with CI values of 0.470 and 0.607 (at Fa = 0.5) against TNF-α and IL-6, respectively. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement with this combination revealed even greater synergistic activity, suggesting a promising approach for RA treatment.Item Anti-inflammatory Bifidobacterium strains prevent dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis and associated gut microbial dysbiosis in mice(Springer, 2020-10) Khare, PragyanshuCrohn’s and ulcerative colitis are common inflammatory conditions associated with Inflammatory bowel disease. Owing to the importance of diet based approaches for the prevention of inflammatory gut conditions, the present study was aimed to screen the human isolates of Bifidobacterium strains based on their ability to reduce LPS-induced inflammation in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells and to evaluate prioritized strains for their preventive efficacy against ulcerative colitis in mice. Twelve out of 25 isolated strains reduced the production of LPS-induced nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, three strains, B. longum Bif10, B. breve Bif11, and B. longum Bif16 conferred protection against dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis in mice. The three strains prevented shortening of colon, spleen weight, percentage body weight change and disease activity index relative to colitis mice. Lower levels of Lipocalin-2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and improved SCFA levels were observed in Bifidobacterium supplemented mice relative to DSS counterparts. Bacterial composition of B. longum Bif10 and B. breve Bif11 fed mice was partly similar to the normal mice, while DSS and B. longum Bif16 supplemented mice showed deleterious alterations. At the genus level, Bifidobacterium supplementation inhibited the abundances of pathobionts such as Haemophilus, Klebsiella and Lachnospira there by conferring protection.Item Dual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory efficacy of a chitosan-chondroitin sulfate-based in-situ forming wound dressing(Elsevier, 2022-12) Roy, AniruddhaNone of the currently available wound dressings exhibit combined antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. Using polyelectrolyte complexation (PEC) between a cationic polysaccharide chitosan (CH) and an anionic glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate (CS), we have developed a unique in-situ forming scaffold (CH-CS PEC), which develops at the wound site itself to influence the function of the wound bed cells. The current study demonstrated that CH-CS PEC could induce bacterial cell death through membrane pore formation and increased ROS production. Moreover, possibly due to its unique material properties including medium-soft viscoelasticity, porosity, and surface composition, CH-CS PEC could modulate macrophage function, increasing their phagocytic ability with low TNF-α and high IL-10 production. Faster wound closure and decreased CFU count was observed in an in-vivo infected wound model, with reduced NF-κB and increased VE-cadherin expression, indicating reduced inflammation and enhanced angiogenesis. In summary, this study exhibited that CH-CS PEC has substantial antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties.Item Thiazolidinyl-triazinoquinazolines as potent anti-inflammatory agents(NISCAIR, 2001-04) Bajaj, KiranSome new 5-(5'-substituted-aryl-2'-oxo-4'-thiazolidin-1'-yl)amino-4-phenyl-2-methyl-10-bromo-[1,2,4] triazino[2 ,3-c]quinazolines have been synthesized by [1,5]cyclocondensation of thiolactic acid with 5-arylidene hydrazino-4-phenyl-2-methyl-10-bromo-[1,2,4] triazino [2 ,3-c] quinazolines. All the compounds of the series have been screened for their anti-inflammatory activity. The most potent compound of the series 5-(5'-p-dimethylaminophenyl-2'-oxo-4'-thiazolidin-1'-yl) amino-4-phenyl-2-methyl-10-bromo-[1,2,4] triazino[2,3-c]quinazolines has shown 48.93% activity at a dose of 50 mg/kg p.o. The structures of the products have been delineated by chemical reactions, elemental analysis and spectral studies.Item Synthesis and anti-inflammatory, analgesic, ulcerogenic and cyclooxygenase activities of novel quinazolinyl-2-pyrazolines(NISCAIR, 2002-03-13) Bajaj, KiranItem Synthesis of some newer derivatives of 2-amino benzoic acid as potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.(PMC, 2003-11-01) Bajaj, KiranDiazotization of N-benzylidene anthranilic acids 1a-1n at pH 9 yielded N-[alpha-(phenylazo) benzylidene] anthranilic acids 2a-2n and at pH 3 yielded N-benzylidene-5-(phenylazo) anthranilic acids 3a-3n. When compounds 3a-3n were treated with thioglycolic/thiolactic acid in the presence of anhydrous ZnCl(2), 2-(4-oxo-2-phenylthiazolidin-3-yl)-5-(phenylazo) benzoic acids 4a-4n were afforded. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and were compared with standard drugs, aspirin and phenylbutazone. Out of the compounds studied, the most active compound 4n showed more potent activity than the standard drugs at all doses tested.Item Some new 2,3,6-trisubstituted quinazolinones as potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and COX-II inhibitors(Elsiever, 2003-11-17) Bajaj, KiranVarious 2-(substitutedphenylmethyleneimino)aminoacetylmethylene-3-(2′-substitutedindol-3′-yl)-halosubstituted-4(3H)quinazolinones (5a–5i) and 2-(substituted phenylaminomethyleneacetyl-4′-oxo-1′-thiazolidinyl-3-(2″-substitutedindol-3″-yl) 4(3H)-quinazolinones (6a–6i) have been synthesized in the present studies. The structure of these compounds have been elucidated by elemental (C, H, N) and spectral (IR, 1H NMR and mass) analysis. Furthermore, above said compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, ulcerogenic activities and acute toxicity study. Compound 6d was found to be most potent. Compound exihibiting less ulcerogenic liability and ALD50 >2000 mg/kg po. Some 2-(substitutedphenylmethyleneimino)aminoacetylmethylene-3-(2′-substitutedindol-3′-yl)-halosubstituted-4(3H)quinazolinones (5a–5i) and 2-(substituted phenylaminomethyleneacetyl-4′-oxo-1′-thiazolidinyl-3-(2″-substitutedindol-3″-yl)-4(3H)-quinazolinones (6a–6i) have been synthesized. Compound 2-(o-Methoxyphenylaminomethylacetyl-4′-oxo-1′-thiazolidinyl)-3-(indol-3″-yl)-6-iodo-4(3H)-quinazolinone (6d) was found to be the most potent compound of the present study.Item Synthesis of acridinyl-thiazolino derivatives and their evaluation for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and kinase inhibition activities(Elsiever, 2005-07-01) Bajaj, KiranVariety of N-(4-phenyl-3-(2′,3′,4′(un)substituted phenyl)thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)-2,4(un)substituted acridin-9-amine (4a–o) and 1-[(2,4-(un)substituted acridin-9-yl)-3-(4-phenyl-3-(2′,3′,4′(un)substituted phenyl)thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)]isothiourea (5a–h) derivatives have been synthesized by condensation of 4-phenyl-3-(2′,3′,4′(un)substituted phenyl)thiazol-2(3H)-imine (3a–g) with 9-chloro-2,4-(un)substituted acridine (1a–c) and 9-isothiocyanato-2,4-(un)substituted acridine (2a–d), respectively. All these compounds were characterized by correct 1H NMR, FT-IR, MS and elemental analyses. These compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and kinase (CDK1, CDK5 and GSK3) inhibition activities. Some compounds exhibited good anti-inflammatory (25–32%) and potent analgesic (50–75%) activities, at 50 mg/kg p.o. A compound, 4o (R1 = H, R2 = OCH3, R3 = CH3, R4 = CH3, R5 = H) exhibited moderate CDK1 (IC50 = 8.5 μM) inhibition activity.Item The synthesis of amino acid derived glycoconjugates and the investigation of their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties(2014) Sah, Ajay KumarA series of 4,6-O-ethylidene-β-D-glucopyranosylamine derived glycoconjugates containing amino- and aromatic acids have been synthesized. All these molecules have been tested for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity on Wistar rat and Swiss Albino mice respectively. The anti-inflammatory studies were explored using a carrageenan induced paw oedema model while an acetic acid induced writhing model was adapted for the analgesic studies. All of the compounds exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in the range of 63–84% and 86–94% respectively.