BITS Faculty Publications

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    MCDM and GIS based modelling technique for assessment of solar and wind farm locations in India
    (Elsevier, 2021-05) Digalwar, Abhijeet K.
    In the recent past, various factors have led to an increase in the use of renewable energy sources, among which, the depleting fossil fuel reserves, increasing fuel prices, and rising environmental concerns are the most prominent. With this increasing reliance on renewable energy sources, a proper assessment of the suitable sites becomes necessary for the optimum utilization of these resources. The present study investigates the spatial suitability of the solar and wind farms locations in India based on the technical, economic, and socio-environmental perspectives. The analysis is performed with the coupled use of the Geographical Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches. Analysis of present research work shows that 4.13% of the study area (133,874 km2) is highly suitable for the deployment of solar plants while 0.91% of the total area (29,457 km2) is highly suitable for the wind farms. The study further concludes that the Rajasthan state in India has the highest suitable land for the installation of solar plants (20,881 km2) as well as wind farms (6323 km2). The proposed model can be used for the development of policies related to renewable energy resources and the assessment of suitability of already sanctioned projects.
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    Urban Policymaking for a Developing City Using a Hybridized Technique Based on SWOT, AHP, and GIS
    (ASCE, 2021) Singhal, Anupam; Routroy, Srikanta
    The high rate of population growth in the 21st century is causing mass migration from rural to urban settlements. Rapid urbanization in developing countries generally follows unregulated growths, urban sprawls, and inefficiencies in city planning. With the trend of rapid growth in developing countries, it has been very difficult to maintain an environmentally sustainable and socially resilient policy framework. This study proposes an urban development policy framework for sustainable planning in developing cities by coupling geographic information system (GIS) geospatial zonal analysis with strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model. The hybridized approach incorporates critical issues such as disaster impact, slum settlements, infrastructure deficit, and noise pollution in urban planning. A case study of the city of Delhi was taken to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework in developing cities. The novelty of the study is that it proposes a highly flexible urban development plan based on the integrated GIS and SWOT-AHP methodology that is specific to the needs of developing economies and developing cities. The methodology also puts a strong emphasis on disaster prevention and response in the urban development plan. Results from the GIS–SWOT-AHP model can be used for region-based urban planning that prioritizes regions needing critical attention and directs the development of the city toward a sustainable future.
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    GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT USING GIS AND FUZZY LOGIC- A CASE STUDY OF JHUNJHUNU DISTRICT
    (EM International, 2019) Singh, Ajit Pratap
    Water is one of the basic necessities of life. Ground water serves as a most vital source of water in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, groundwater quality of Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan, India has been assessed for drinking purposes. The study was carried out in some selected blocks of Jhunjhunu district by taking into consideration of 16 wells. The wells were analyzed for seven water quality parameters. The spatial variation of ground water quality parameters in the block was observed using GIS tool and the suitability of wells have been identified using fuzzy interference system. This study clearly demonstrates different classification of groundwater quality in the region which can be used by the decision makers to take the necessary actions.
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    Assessment of groundwater suitability using remote sensing and GIS: a case study of Western Rajasthan, India
    (Springer, 2021-12) Singh, Ajit Pratap; Bhakar, Prashant; Mittal, Ravi Kant
    The overexploitation of natural freshwater resources has been observed in recent years, leading not only to a depletion of the groundwater table but also to degradation in the groundwater quality. This situation is more serious in the arid to hyper-arid regions. To ensure sustainable management of groundwater, it is essential to investigate the improved mechanism for the integrated use of groundwater for rural and urban communities. With the fast advancement in the area of remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS), it has now become possible to make an estimate of the Earth’s resources with high accuracy both spatially and temporally. The current study attempts to describe potential zones of the availability of groundwater and its quality status based upon the water quality parameters’ spatial distribution by applying a GIS approach integrated with remote sensing technique. All suitable data has been created by developing thematic layers of critical parameters such as rainfall, land use, soil map, slope, land cover, drainage density, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Landsat 8 imagery from Earth Explorer, United State Geological Survey (USGS), and other conventional datasets. Groundwater maps have been prepared using GIS by keeping in view the relative importance of thematic layers. The outcomes of the study will allow users to identify, visualize, understand, assess, and analyze the suitability of groundwater quality as well as quantity.
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    Data mining applications in transportation engineering
    (Taylor & Francis, 2011-12-19) Barai, Sudhir Kumar
    Data mining is the extraction of implicit, previously unknown and potentially useful information from data. In recent time, data mining studies have been carried out in many engineering disciplines. In this paper the background of data mining and tools is introduced. Further applications of data mining to transportation engineering problems are reviewed. The application of data mining for typical example of ‘Vehicle Crash Study’ is demonstrated using commercially available data mining tool. The paper highlights the potential of data mining tool application in transportation engineering sector.
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    Assessment of Groundwater Quality Using GIS and Various Water Quality Indices: A Case Study of the Shekhawati Region of Rajasthan, Northwest India
    (EJSC, 2016) Singhal, Anupam; Gupta, Rajiv
    Assessment of Groundwater quality using Water Quality Index (WQI) and Geographic Information System (GIS) was carried out in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. The results of 15 physico-chemical parameters were used for the calculation of WQI. The results indicated that WQI values range from 0 to 1304 and 0-11,701 for two different approaches used and thus indicates very poor groundwater quality status in the region. The Fuzzy method as a third approach was also used to generate a WQI and resulted in only 2 values. The geographical information system using the Inverse Distance Weighted method (IDW) delineated groundwater quality zones into good to very poor potential areas. The hierarchal cluster analysis identified anthropogenic contamination, natural mineralization, reverse cation exchange as the major processes controlling groundwater chemistry. From the correlation matrix, it could be said that Turbidity, Total Hardness as CaCO3, Ca hardness as CaCO3, Mg hardness as CaCO3, Chlorides as Cl-, Fluorides as F- and TDS are responsible for high WQI values in the region.