Journal Archive Collections

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://localhost:4000/handle/123456789/16937

Browse

Has files: YesSubject: search.filters.subject.Hydrogen Chloride

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Thermodynamics of Binary Liquid Mixtures Involving Hydrogen Bromide, Hydrogen Chloride and Xenon
    (Journal of the Chemical Society : Faraday Transaction - I. The Chemical Society, London. 1978, 74 (04), 1978) Calado, Jorge C. G.; Gray, Christopher G.; Gubbins, Keith E.; Palavra, Antonio M. F.; Soares, Virgilio A. M.; Staveley, Lionel A. K.; Twu, Chorng-Horng
    The total vapour pressure of the systems hydrogen bromide+xenon and hydrogen bromide + hydrogcn chloride have been measured as a function of composition at 195.42 K. The results have been used to estimate the excess Gibbs function GE. The volume of mixing J/E has been determined for each system at 195.42 K. The HBr + Xe system departs considerably from ideal behaviour, while HBr+HCl is only slightly nonideal. Neither system exhibits an azeotrope at the temperature studied. These results, together with similar data reported previously for the HCl + Xe system (J.C.S. Faraday I, 1975, 71, 1372), are compared with theoretical calculations based on perturbation theory for liquids of nonspherical molecules. Agreement is good for all three systems. The results show that both dipolar and quadrupolar forces for the 1-IC1 and HBr molecules have a large eifect on the phase diagram, while other types of anisotropic intermolecular forces (overlap, dispersion, induction) appear to have a considerably smaller effect.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    y-Radiolysis of Gaseous Hydrogen Sulphide in the presence of Hydrogen Chloride, Carbon Disulphide and Nitrous Oxide
    (Journal of the Chemical Society : Faraday Transaction - I. The Chemical Society, London. 1973, 69 (6), 1973) Huyton, D. W.; Woodward, T. W.
    Addition of HC1 to H2S increases the radiation yield of H2 G(H2) 7.0->10.0 by an electron scavenging process involving HC1 and H2S. CS2 lowers the H2 yield in pure H2S probably by reaction with hot H atoms and also scavenges the electrons in H2S + HC1 mixtures, lowering G(H2) in the process to < 7.0. Electron scavenging by addition of N2O to H2S to produce N2 is shown to be a very complex system with surface reactions probably playing a part.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Interaction of Hydrogen Chloride with Evaporated Metal Films: Part 1. Chlorination of Iron, Nickel, Palladium, Silver and Lead
    (Journal of the Chemical Society : Faraday Transaction - I. The Chemical Society, London. 1972, 68 (2), 1972) Dadiza, Y. M.; Saleh, J. M.
    The interaction of HCl with evaporated metal films of iron, nickel, palladium, silver and lead has been investigated in the temperature range from –78°C to about 250°C. At –78°C, dissociative adsorption of HCl occurred on iron film, dissociative and molecular on nickel, and mainly molecular on palladium. In addition to dissociative chemisorption on lead, some incorporation also occurred at –78°C. At the latter temperature, the adsorption on silver proceeded to a less extent than on any of the other four metals. The presorbed hydrogen on iron was displaced by the subsequent HCl chemisorption at –78°C due probably to the formation of a stronger metal-chloride bond than that of metal-hydrogen. The formation of bulk chloride on all the five metals began at [gt-or-equal] 30°C with constant energies of activation. The rate of incorporation at a given temperature and HCl pressure decreased as the thickness θ of the chloride layer increased. This was attributed to the decrease of the frequency factor A in the rate expression with increasing θ the concentration of the reacting sites on the surface decreased exponentially as θ increased. From the plots of log A against θ it was possible to derive certain conclusions concerning the activity of the metal films for reaction with HCl. Lead was the most, and silver the least, active metals. The desorption of HCl from nickel at >200°C was accompanied by hydrogen adsorption; the reduction of the chloride layer by the adsorbed hydrogen seems to be possible at these temperatures. Oxidized films were, in general, more reactive toward HCl than the clean metal due to the higher A values on the former. The adsorbed oxygen probably provides additional sites for chlorine chemisorption as well as for hydrogen.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Interaction of Hydrogen Chloride with Evaporated Metal Films: Part 2.—Adsorption and Incorporation on Films of Pd, Ag and Pb, Deposited on Iron Substrates
    (Journal of the Chemical Society : Faraday Transaction - I. The Chemical Society, London. 1972, 68 (8), 1972) Dadiza, Y M; Saleh, J M
    An attempt was made to deposit films of Pd, Ag and Pb on top of iron films and then to investigate the interaction of HCl with the resulting “two-metal” films of Pd/Fe, Ag/Fe and Pb/Fe in the temperature range –80 to about 200°C. The area of the Fe film increased by subsequent deposition of Pd and decreased on deposition of Ag or Pb. Adsorption of HCl at –80°C on these films occurred as on films of Pd, Ag and Pb respectively; no H2 was evolved in any case in contrast to the behaviour of an Fe film. At temperatures [gt-or-equal] 30°C, the Pb/Fe film preserved much of the properties of the Fe film. A solid solution or an alloy of Fe in Pb is assumed to be formed due to the diffusion of Fe atoms into the Pb phase; the ease with which the electron and the defect can migrate through Pb is thus disturbed by this process. The formation of such structures was probably less pronounced with an Ag/Fe film due to the smaller difference in the atomic diameter between Ag and Fe as compared with the difference between Pb and Fe and, also, because of the higher melting point of Ag than Pb; the Ag/Fe film was, therefore, slightly more active than Ag. With Pd/Fe film, where both metals have almost the same atomic diameter and melting point, there was no tendency to form a solid solution or an alloy and, therefore, the film behaved toward HCl at temperatures [gt-or-equal] 30°C exactly in the same way as Pd film. Extensive oxygen adsorption and incorporation occurred on Pd/Fe film, very much like that on Fe. The Fe atoms may have a considerable mobility for outward diffusion as a consequence of either a strong electric field on the oxidized surface or due to the lowering of the surface tension of the surface by oxygen.