Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Development and Applications

Abstract

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are relatively newly developed treatments but rapidly growing science. Theoretically, they are like a combination of payload (the drug that is to be delivered; often cytotoxic) and targeted drug-delivery system. In this type of system, the cytotoxic drug undergoes conjugation with a monoclonal antibody via a chemical linker. The fundamental design of ADCs imparts desired properties to the delivery system, such as physiochemical strength, biodegradable nature, and biocompatibility. This plays a crucial role in the management of diseases via offering numerous benefits, such as high drug loading, less incidence of adverse effects, site-specific release, and longer circulation time in the body. In this review, the recent advancements in the preparation of ADCs (including recently approved ADCs), pharmacokinetics, their applications, and regulatory consideration have been summarized. Further, it also provides a discussion on the future status of this therapy for the treatment and management of oncological conditions.