Entropy analysis of thermally radiating MHD slip flow of hybrid nanoparticles (Au-Al2O3/Blood) through a tapered multi-stenosed artery

Abstract

This paper deals with the heat transfer and entropy generation analysis of unsteady blood flow through a tapered multi-stenosed artery incorporating hybrid nanoparticles (gold and alumina) with Joule heating, viscous dissipation, radiation, and inclined magnetic field. For the realistic behavior of blood, Reynold’s viscosity model is considered in this study. The Crank-Nicolson scheme is applied to solve the continuity, momentum, and energy equations with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The important findings are represented graphically and have been analyzed for different values of the dimensionless parameters. The velocity contours for several emerging parameters are presented to study the overall behavior of blood flow patterns. It is observed that the axial flow accelerates with increasing wall slip velocity () due to the presence of the hydrodynamic wall slip effect. The velocity profile increases as the concentration of Au nanoparticles increases, while the reverse effect is noted for the concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles. The current findings may be helpful for biomedical scientists who are interested in investigating the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases.