Design and enhancing performance of lead-free flexible perovskite solar cells: a numerical approach

Abstract

Lead-free perovskite materials have emerged as the most feasible option for photovoltaics to address the issue of toxicity and better performance. This study aims to design and enhance the performance of lead-free methylammonium (MA) and formamidinium (FA) compound (FAMASnGeI3)-based flexible perovskite solar cell (FPSC) by utilizing the solar cell capacitance simulator 1-D (SCAPS-1D). The optimization of various geometrical parameters and charge densities of the absorber and charge transport layers show the improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE). We have obtained Voc of 0.87V, Jsc of 45.7 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) of 75.3%, and PCE of 29.9%. The obtained results were compared with similar existing research based on various absorber layers. It was found that the selected absorber layer improves the performance of FPSCs.