A state-of-the-art review on the evolution of performance of masonry infill walls under lateral loadings

Abstract

Masonry is a prevalent human chronicle substance used all over the globe as it offers significant advantages concerning building execution time, consumption, and costs despite being an engineered material manufactured using naturally occurring resources. In burgeoning countries, in particular India, most of the constructions are forged using masonry materials. As this system is in wide usage around the globe, it is cardinal to have cognition about the emergence of the material and the praxis of the same. The purpose of this paper was to review the evolution of masonry and brick masonry from the Stone Age (4000 BCE and 2000 BCE) to the Meghalayan Age and to discuss the details related to the manufacturing processes, composition, classification, and performance of brick masonry under various conditions including those materials that are in use along with the masonry. An efficient survey conducted concentrating on the significant discoveries and perceptions made by each researcher is introduced. A table contains insights about the strengthening process used, and parameters considered results and main observations for every method.