Department of Biological Sciences

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    Calcium chloride linked camel milk derived casein nanoparticles for the delivery of sorafenib in hepatocarcinoma cells
    (Tech Science Press, 2021-09) Dubey, Uma S.
    Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, is limited by its low oral bioavailability. To overcome this drawback, we have developed novel camel milk casein-derived nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. Camel milk casein is not only biocompatible on oral administration but is actually a dietary protein of pharmaceutical relevance. Casein is used because of its amphiphilic nature, self-assembling property, ability to show sustained release, and capability of encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this study, camel milk casein nanoparticles loaded with sorafenib were developed and characterized. Characterization of casein nanoparticles was done by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, scanning light microscopy (SEM), and FTIR. The drug content in nanoparticle and drug-protein binding studies were conducted by UV spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake efficiency studies were performed in HepG2 cell lines. It was observed that the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib loaded camel milk casein nanoparticles was more than free sorafenib in HepG2 cells. This work suggests camel milk casein as a suitable drug delivery molecule for sorafenib. In the future, it may also be used in enhancing the efficacy and specific distribution of other water-insoluble anticancer drugs.
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    Medicinal potential of Camel milk lactoferrin
    (Intecopen, 2022) Dubey, Uma S.
    Camel milk is a rich source of protein with well-recognized medicinal properties to treat various diseases. The objective of this work is to understand the role of camel milk lactoferrin in immunomodulation and in disease treatment. It has been found that camel milk lactoferrin is a very suitable nutraceutical agent by virtue of its bioac- tivity, immuno-compatibility, and safety. It can be used for the treatment of infec- tious, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases, besides cancer. It is a cost-effective biomolecule that also has high relative abundance and bioavailability.
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    Studies on cytotoxic activity of Camel milk whey protein as a nutraceutical against HeLa cells
    (Camel Publishing House, 2023) Dubey, Uma S.
    Camel milk is an adapted dietary supplement with multiple antimicrobial and immuno-stimulatory properties. Diabetes, infant diarrhoea, hepatitis, allergy, lactose intolerance, and alcohol- induced liver damage have been treated with it (Galil et al, 2016). Numerous immunologically essential molecules, such as lysozymes, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, serum albumin, acidic whey protein, peptidoglycan recognition protein, and small peptides, contribute to its health benefits (Dubey et al, 2016). Recently, the anti-microbial and antioxidant properties of camel milk and its role as an anti-cancer and anti-hepatitis agent has been demonstrated (Khan et al, 2021). Camel milk also has the normal isotypes of antibodies shared with other mammalian species. Actually not only camel’s milk but even its urine is among such natural products enriched with molecules that are safe to humans and endowed with profound anti-cancer properties (Alebie et al, 2017). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an endogenous transcription factor with known preventative and therapeutic benefits for patients with cancer associated with organs like the liver, breast, prostate, etc. (Xie et al, 2012; Richmond et al, 2014). Aberrant AhR expression is involved in carcinogenesis (Korzeniewski et al, 2010).
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    Camel Milk α-lactalbumin As A Potential Anticancer Molecule: A Bioinformatics Analysis
    (Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2020) Dubey, Uma S.
    α-lactalbumin-Oleic acid complex derived from milk is well known to have anti-cancer properties in many diverse mammalian species including humans, goats and cows. The objective of the current study is to see if α-lactalbumin present in camel’s milk too can serve as a potential anti-cancer molecule in its complex form. A comparative evaluation of α-lactalbumin structure among four mammalian species, viz, Camelusferus, Bostaurus, Homo sapiens, and Capra hircus has been made between the nucleotide sequences and structures of protein. Furthermore, the physico-chemical properties, amino acid composition, position of disulfide bridge formation in these species has been compared. The outcome of the present study suggests the presence of an anti-cancer property in the α-lactalbumin of camel, as has been experimentally observed in the other three species.
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    Isolation and characterization of bioactive lactoferrin from camel milk by novel pH-dependent method for large scale production
    (Elsevier, 2022-12) Dubey, Uma S.
    The present article exemplifies a novel method to isolate highly purified bioactive lactoferrin from camel milk. Cytotoxicity of lactoferrin against the Hela cells was used to evaluate its bioactivity. SDS-PAGE and LC-MS analysis was done for its identification and characterization. The purified camel milk lactoferrin was found to be 708 amino acids in length with a molecular weight of 77.3 kDa and a pI value of 8.24. This pH-dependent isolation procedure ensures the retention of bioactive lactoferrin from camel milk. The importance of the present work lies in its simplicity and scalability for manufacturing bioactive lactoferrin at an industrial level.
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    THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CAMEL MILK
    (EJFA, 2016) Dubey, Uma S.; Kapur, Suman
    Camel milkis recognized for its therapeutic potential against many diseases. It is reported to have microbicidal and immuno stimulatory properties as it contains immunoactive proteins like lysozyme, lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin. Camelid antibodies have a unique structure. Theypossess the heavy chains but are devoid of the usual light chains. This special feature enhances theirpenetration. Camelid proteins have a very high degree of thermal stability and areresistant to acid hydrolysis. Camel milk components act like a ligand to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.They significantly inhibit the induction of some cancer-activating genes and also induce tumor suppressor genes. Modulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptors is now recognized to have a vital role in cancer therapy. The present review deals with clinical significance of camel milk with special reference to cancer. It also encompasses its unique composition, relevance to otherdiseases and special properties as compared to human milk.
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    Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
    (RJPBCS, 2020) Dubey, Uma S.
    α-lactalbumin-Oleic acid complex derived from milk is well known to have anti-cancer properties in many diverse mammalian species including humans, goats and cows. The objective of the current study is to see if α-lactalbumin present in camel’s milk too can serve as a potential anti-cancer molecule in its complex form. A comparative evaluation of α-lactalbumin structure among four mammalian species, viz, Camelusferus, Bostaurus, Homo sapiens, and Capra hircus has been made between the nucleotide sequences and structures of protein. Furthermore, the physico-chemical properties, amino acid composition, position of disulfide bridge formation in these species has been compared. The outcome of the present study suggests the presence of an anti-cancer property in the α-lactalbumin of camel, as has been experimentally observed in the other three species.