Department of Mechanical engineering
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Item Productivity Indices and Efficiency Estimation of Indian Cement Industry(SSRN, 2012-03) Mishra, Rajesh PThe term productivity was used for the first time over two centuries ago, in the Journal de l’ Agriculture (Tangen, S., 2005). It has been applied in many different circumstances, particularly in relation to economic system, at various levels of aggregation. Productivity is the ratio of what is produced by an operation of process to what is required to produce it, or put simply the ratio of actual output to input over a period of time. Inputs might include transforming and transformed resources (such as materials, equipment, customers and staff) and the outputs are goods and services (Schroeder, R.G., 1985; Slack, N et al, 2001). Measurement of productivity is associated with the extraction of the share of factor input from an increment in output which otherwise cannot be accounted for by mere increase in the quantity of input. Alternatively, productivity means a ratio of actual output to expect resources used. In simpler version, it can be understood as how much and how well one produces from the resources used. If more is produced or better goods are yielded from the same resources, increase in productivity is understood. Productivity varies due to differences in technology, differences in the efficiency in the production process and the differences in the environment in which the production unit operates. The usual method of analysis of productivity is based on the standard definition of production function where it is assumed that maximum output is attended at a given level of input. There are various productivity measures. The choice between them depends on the purpose of productivity measurement and, in many instances, on the availability of the data. Broadly, the measures can be classified as single factor productivity measures (relating to measure of output to a single measure of input) or Multifactor productivity measures (relating a measure of output to a bundle of inputs). Another distinction, of particular relevance at the industry or firm level is between productivity measures that relate some measure of gross output to one or several inputs and those which use a value added concept to capture movement of output. These are measures of labour and capital productivity, and multifactor productivity measures (MFP), in the form of capital- labour MFP, based on a value-added concept of output, or in the form of capital-labor-energy-materials MFP (KLEMS), based on a concept of Gross Output. Among those measures, value added based labour productivity is the single most frequently computed productivity statistics, followed by capital-labour MFP and KLEMS MFP. The Proposed paper is an attempt to measure the Productivity of Indian Cement Industry through the empirical study for a period of 33 Years starting from 1973-74. ASI data is been used with Price correction at WPI (2001-02) and CPI (2002-03) Bases. The productivity indices like Technological change measured through Elasticity of Substitution amongst core factor inputs like labour and capital, Total factor Productivity based on Solow Model on Technological Progress, Capital Intensity and DEA technique to measure Allocative and Technical Efficiencies with 18 decision making units (18 States) and Total Outputs-Net Value Added, Gross Capital Formation & Income are considered for analysis. 2004-05 ASI data is been used.Item Estimation of Production Function and Productivity of Indian Cement Industry(SSRN, 2012-03) Mishra, Rajesh PProductivity is referred to as faculty to produce or what a man can accomplish with material and capital under the known state of technology. However, in economics, productivity is understood as ratio of units of output to units of input. Alternatively, productivity means a ratio of actual output to expect resources used. In other words, Productivity means how much and how well one produces from the resources used. If more is produced or better goods are yielded from the same resources, increase in productivity is understood. Although the definition of productivity appears straightforward, for three major reasons it is difficult to deal with (Anderson, T.D., 1996; Fitzsimmons, J.A. and M.J. Fitzsimmons, 1997: Witt, C.A. and S.F. Witt, 1989). First, the outputs are usually expressed in different forms to the inputs. Outputs are often measured in physical terms such as units (e.g. cars produced), tones (of paper), kilowatts (of electricity), or value (Euros) for example. However the inputs are usually physically different and include measures of people (numbers, skills, hours worked or costs) or materials (tones and costs) for example. Second, the ratio by itself tells us little about performance. A ratio of 0.75 is of little value unless it is compared with previous time periods, or a benchmark, or the potential productivity of the operation. Third, many different ratios can be used (both financial and nonfinancial, that can be used to create productivity ratios). The Proposed paper is an attempt to measure the Productivity of Indian Cement Industry through the empirical study for a period of 33 Years starting from 1973-74. ASI data is been used with Price correction at WPI (2001-02) and CPI (2002-03) Bases. The productivity indices like Technological change measured through Elasticity of Substitution amongst core factor inputs like labour and capital, Total factor Productivity based on Solow Model on Technological Progress, Capital Intensity and DEA technique to measure Allocative and Technical Efficiencies with 18 decision making units (18 States) and Total Outputs- ,Net Value Added ,Gross Capital Formation & Income are considered for analysis. 2004-05 ASI data is been used.Item Classification Based Reliability Growth Prediction on Data Generated by Multiple Independent Processes(Springer, 2014-01) Mishra, Rajesh PReliability Growth is a modeling process for product quality characterization over the lifespan for both hardware and software products and has been explained by multiple models like Duane, Crow-AMSAA, Lloyd Lipow etc. Our research proposes a framework for case-based/scenario based model estimation and prediction, by supervised learning of historical data. In this proposed framework, the case base is generated from historical data and Crow Model is applied in a novel sense to extract information from the historically labeled occurrences. With our framework, we draw in a comparative advantage over the traditional predictive modeling using a Crow’s Growth Model.Item Clinical Decision-Making: Developing a 4 C Model Using Graph Theoretic Approach(Redfame, 2020) Mishra, Rajesh PThe purpose of this paper is to propose a graph-theoretic mathematical model to measure how conducive the environment of a hospital is for decision-making. We propose a 4-C model, developed from four interacting factors: confidence, complexity, capability, and customer. In this graph-theoretic model, abstract information regarding the system is represented by the directed edges of a graph (or digraph), which together depict how one factor affects another. The digraph yields a matrix model useful for computer processing. The net effect of different factors and their interdependencies on the hospital's decision-making environment is quantified and a single numerical index is generated. This paper categorizes all the major factors that influence clinical decision-making and attempts to provide a tool to study and measure their interactions with each other. Each factor and each interaction among factors are to be quantified by healthcare experts according to their best judgment of the magnitude of its effect in a local hospital environment. A hospital case study is used to demonstrate how the 4-C model works. The graph-theoretic approach allows for the inclusion of new factors and generation of alternative environments by a combination of both qualitative and quantitative modeling. The 4-C model can be used to create both a database and a simple numerical scale that help a hospital set customized guidelines, ranging from patient admittance procedures to diagnostic and treatment processes, according to its specific situation. Implementing this methodology systematically can allow a hospital to identify factors that will lead to improved decision-making as well as identifying operational factors that present roadblocksItem Designing of a Framework for the Implementation of RCM Using SWOT Analysis(COMADEM, 2021) Mishra, Rajesh PReliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) has been one of the most recent and successful methodologies in maintenance around the world. With an end goal to accomplish aggregate life cycle management, it is robustly preferred to understand the systematic planning method of maintenance tasks. It is such a systematic approach for the selection of relevant and suitable maintenance strategies. One of the important factors for the implementation of RCM in an organization is the adoption of a suitable framework that provides the required flow of various elements for structured implementation process. In this paper, ten most significant elements are identified from the various elements of existing RCM frameworks based on Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and threats (SWOT) analysis to help with design of a framework for the implementation of RCM. An attempt has been made to design a frameworkItem Development of maintenance framework for SMEs by an ISM approach(CRC Press, 2022) Mishra, Rajesh PThe main purpose of the research paper is to develop a new conceptual framework with an analysis of various strategies for SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) which helps to expand, contend and to be successful in the global market taking into consideration their characteristics. Paper commences the review on the framework definitions and considers a comparison of its various properties. It presents the need for a framework and defines its importance in SMEs. Various existing frameworks put forth by academicians would then be taken into consideration, and their advantages and disadvantages from the perspective of SMEs would be examined. Various types of approaches are required to analyze the problems, possibilities, and challenges to success in expansion. The framework could be utilized as a conceptual magnifier for critically evaluating the history and results of SMEs' globalization. The arrangement of this research study focused on challenges experienced by various SMEs, which finally influence their performance. Present work is related to the identification of elements/sub-elements which are already available in published literature.Item Development of a model of critical failure factors for integrated LSS–AM practices in Indian manufacturing industries: a fuzzy TISM approach(Springer, 2023-06) Mishra, Rajesh PThe purpose of the present study is to identify the critical failure factors (CFFs) for implementing integrated practices of lean six sigma (LSS) and agile manufacturing (AM) in Indian manufacturing industries and develop a framework that prioritizes the CFFs. Total nine CFFs were identified through a vast review of research articles. A framework of CFFs was developed by the fuzzy-total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) approach with the help of academia and industry experts’ opinions. Fuzzy-MICMAC (Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement) analysis was performed to categorise CFFs into four clusters. The findings of the present study suggest that there are nine CFFs to LSS–AM implementation in Indian manufacturing industries. From the fuzzy-TISM model it is revealed that top management commitment and organisational culture change CFFs are major roadblocks to LSS–AM implementation strategy in any organization. Further, this research helps LSS–AM decision-makers and practitioners to prioritize CFFs based on their driving and dependence. Accordingly, they can make strategies to mitigate these CFFs and create a smooth pathway for the LSS–AM implementation process. This in turn can enhance the performance of the organization. This study is one of the pioneer studies of the integration of LSS–AM CFFs, which analyzed the contextual relationship among the CFFs through fuzzy-TISMItem RAM modeling for performance analysis of a coal handling system(Elsevier, 2020) Mishra, Rajesh PWith the advent of the latest technologies, industries are facing a significant challenge and drives to look for better tools and techniques to stand firm and continue growing with the changed market scenario. Considering this situation and for the up gradation of organizations, we applied reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) modeling for performance analysis of a coal handling system of a thermal power plant. The Markovian approach used for RAM modeling, for various subsystems transition diagrams drawn, and associated differential equations formulated. Obtained results helpful to plant personnel for evaluating the system and improve system performance by applying correct maintenance policies.Item Exploration of Impact of Lean Six Sigma and TRIZ in Banking Sector(Springer, 2021-04) Mishra, Rajesh PThis paper is an effort to explore and identify the scope of improvement in the service sector by utilizing established principles of Theoria Resheneyva Isobretatelskehuh Zadach (TRIZ) combined with Lean Six Sigma methodology. Service sector being the leading sector in 201 economies/countries contributes 63 percent of total global wealth. Banking and financial sector being one of the fastest growing sub‐sectors within the services sector was considered for this research. Lean Six Sigma principles have proven their capability in the manufacturing sector by reducing cost and improving quality. Here we have attempted to apply these principles in the service sector to analyze customer needs and deliver quality solutions in less time. The use case of opening an account in a bank by a customer is considered to measure the impact of TRIZ methodology intertwined with LSS. Hence suggest a process framework to be later extended to other use cases of financial or other service sector industries. It is a potential framework that will help the service sector leaders to increase their service efficiency with reduced cost and increased customer satisfaction.Item SWOT analysis – on maintenance frameworks for SMEs(CRC Press, 2022) Mishra, Rajesh PA framework is a collection of various ideas, concepts, circumstances and beliefs that help to establish how anything will be detected, realized and constructed. It is a collection of tasks and explains how they are interconnected inside a structure. Generally, a framework is an actual or theoretical structure planned to assist as facilitation or direct the development of anything that extends the construction into anything beneficial. It can also be considered as a basic structure of hypothetical rules or principles of science. Framework development is based upon existing frameworks of SMEs (Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises) and the variable needs of the customers in the market. Development involved in the classification of various processes resulted in the conceptual framework. In existing and available frameworks, some are trustworthy and reliable, while a lot of them are weak and not useful. This chapter considered the importance of a maintenance framework in the environment of SMEs. The main aim of SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is to utilize firmly established methodologies – strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats – with the intention to identify the key elements for the maintenance framework.