Department of Mechanical engineering

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://localhost:4000/handle/123456789/1921

Browse

Author: search.filters.author.Sangwan, Kuldip SinghSubject: search.filters.subject.Life cycle assessment (LCA)

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 16
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Sustainability Assessment of Sanitary Ware Supply Chain Using Life Cycle Assessment Framework—A Case Study
    (Springer, 2020-07) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    Sanitary wares are the integral part of construction materials but there is hardly any study in the literature which shows the environmental impacts from the sanitary ware. This paper aims at assessing sustainability of a ceramic sanitary ware supply chain by quantifying the environmental impacts from materials and resources used throughout the different phases of a sanitary ware life cycle. The impacts are quantified using ReCiPe endpoint and midpoint assessment methods with Umberto NXT Software and eco-invent 3.0 database. This study uses climate change, fossil depletion, human toxicity, metal depletion, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, water depletion, damage to ecosystem quality, human health, and resources assessment categories to quantify the environmental impacts. The life cycle assessment finds that consumption of heavy fuel oil, electricity, grass, and cement mortar is primarily responsible for the negative impacts on the environment. It is also found that manufacturing and transportation phases of the supply chain have maximum contribution to the environmental degradation. The methodology, assessment methods and impact categories used in the study can be used by the other ceramic enterprises for the identification and benchmarking of environmental hotspots in their supply chains. It is expected that this study will be useful for the policy makers as well as the manufacturer to find the key areas for decreasing the environmental impacts and enhancing sustainability of a sanitary ware supply chain.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    An Environmental Sustainability Assessment of a Milling Process using Life Cycle Assessment
    (CRC Press, 2022) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    The growing demand to reduce the environmental burden has encouraged manufacturers as well as users to pursue various green machining strategies and technologies that enable increasingly efficient use of limited resources. Assessment and quantification of the environmental impacts caused by machining processes serves as the foundation towards the visualization and mitigation of environmental emissions. The research community has addressed the life cycle analysis of machine tools to quantify their environmental emissions during their life cycle, but the environmental impacts of the actual machining process have not been addressed effectively. This study presents the life cycle analysis of a milling process to evaluate and quantify its environmental impacts during raw material extraction, manufacturing, transportation and end of life phases for the manufacturing a sample product. The environmental impacts were assessed in both endpoint and midpoint impact assessment categories using the ReCiPe method. Raw material production, electricity consumption, cutting fluid production and disposal, chip processing and compressed air production are identified as major factors causing environmental impacts. It is evident from the analysis that energy consumption plays a major role in environmental impacts using the milling process directly (for material removal) and indirectly (compressed air production and the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system). Therefore, reduction in energy consumption plays a major role in reducing the environmental impacts of the milling process. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out to assess the robustness of the results obtained from the machining life cycle assessment study. This analysis can be used as a foundation for the formulation of key plans for the improvement of environmental sustainability in machining processes.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Evaluation and comparison of environmental performance for shackle insulators – a case study
    (Emerald, 2019-09) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    The purpose of this paper is to compare environmental performance of two shackle insulator manufacturing enterprises in India by evaluating and quantifying the life cycle environmental impacts in these enterprises using ISO 14040 guidelines.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Life Cycle Assessment of Smithy Training Processes
    (Elsevier, 2013) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh; Digalwar, Abhijeet K.
    Sustainability has long been a part of social responsibility. Today sustainability is a part of the core business strategies. It is viewed with environmental and economic perspectives. India, being a manufacturing hub has to deal with the problem of environmental and social impacts of these manufacturing operations. Smithy operations have large adverse impact on the environment. Life-cycle analysis should be applied to alleviate and reflect environmental burdens of this process. This paper presents the basic concepts of sustainability and life cycle analysis. A study has been carried out in the context of smithy training process. Software tool Umberto 5.6 with eco-invent 2.2 database is used for analysis. The effect of smithy training in term of acidification potential, climate change, eutrophication potential, freshwater aquatic, eco-toxicity, marine aquatic eco- toxicity, human toxicity, ionizing radiation, land use, photochemical Ox (smog), and stratospheric ozone depletion.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    A Comparative Study on the Life Cycle Assessment of a 3D Printed Product with PLA, ABS & PETG Materials
    (Elsevier, 2022) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    Sustainability aims to meet the demands of the present generation as well as improve the quality of life, develop the economy, conserve resources, and protect the environment for the future generations. Additive manufacturing is one of the techniques to achieve sustainability in manufacturing. Life cycle assessment is a useful tool to ensure viability and applicability of new technology and assess whether it offers tangible benefits compared to conventional methods. There is hardly any comparative study on the life cycle assessment of the widely used filament materials. This research compares the environmental impacts of widely used filament materials (PLA, ABS, and PETG) for a 3D printed product from cradle to cradle that includes four phases: raw material extraction, production, use and recycling. Environmental impacts and hotspots in terms of both endpoint and midpoint categories have been estimated. The research provides decision support for stakeholders to compare the environmental impacts of different materials and accordingly select the most environmentally friendly material.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Environmental Impact Analysis of a Water Supply System: Study of an Indian University Campus
    (Elsevier, 2015) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    The paper aims at analyzing the water supply, its consumption, recycling and related energy consumption at a University campus in India. The university is located in semi-arid area and provides a unique example where the per capita water consumption is above the Indian average and the water is extracted from the overexploited groundwater aquifer. The groundwater is the only source of water supply providing 2.05 million liters of fresh water per day. In the last few years the university has embarked on water saving techniques using rain water harvesting and water recycling. The ground water extraction and its supply consume a lot of energy thereby increasing the environmental impact of the water supply. Mapping of the water source and consumption has provided valuable information to assess the major sources of water consumption and to take appropriate actions to optimize per capita water consumption and reduce water losses. The environmental impact of the water supply system on campus has been determined by conducting a life cycle assessment using Umberto NXT universal life cycle assessment software with ReCiPe endpoint and midpoint methods. It was found that tap water used in buildings has highest impact on environment while the recycled water used for irrigation has nearly zero impact.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Comparative Study Using Life Cycle Approach for the Biodiesel Production from Microalgae Grown in Wastewater and Fresh Water
    (Elsevier, 2018) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh; Raghuvanshi, Smita
    Use of bio fuels is a sustainable solution in the current energy scenario, which is marked by unsustainable use of fossil fuels. Production of biodiesel requires microalgae as feedstock. The micro algae require nutrients, CO2 & light source for its growth. An approach where waste water treatment plant can act as source of nutrients for the growth of microalgae would be beneficial. Hence the present work was carried out to understand the life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from microalgae grown in waste water and associated impacts compared with biodiesel production from fresh water. The system boundary considered in the process includes cultivation of microalgae, flocculation, centrifugation, extraction, and transesterification. The functional unit considered for the study is 1 MJ of energy produced from biodiesel. The life cycle assessments (LCA) for the present case was carried out using Umberto NXT software and inventory was taken from Eco invent database v3.0 and literature. Results has shown that the microalgae grown in waste water requires lesser energy as compared to algae grown in fresh water.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Life Cycle Assessment of Filtration Systems of Reverse Osmosis Units: A Case Study of a University Campus
    (Elsevier, 2016) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh; Raghuvanshi, Smita
    Environmental concerns are gaining importance in ground water resource management. Reverse osmosis (RO) systems are commonly used for filtration of surface and ground water for domestic and commercial purposes. This study aims to analyze the environmental impacts of electricity, fresh water and material consumption in various types of RO systems. The evaluation tool used for this study is life cycle assessment (LCA) and for this purpose Umberto NXT Universal software with Eco-invent version 3.0 database has been utilized. The inventory analysis has been done for RO systems of four different capacities, viz 25, 50, 250, and 500 liters per hour (LPH). This research also provides comparison of quantitative impacts of different capacity RO systems. All inclusive, the study presents an insight into the environmental impacts of various RO systems used in India and also discuss the alternative technologies for filtration of surface and ground water.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Influence of Manufacturing Plant Site Selection on Environmental Impact of Machining Processes
    (Elsevier, 2019) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    Sustainability has become an important aspect in the strategic planning of manufacturing organizations due to rising energy cost, climate change, environmental emissions, and carbon tax policies. Most of the large manufacturing organizations have a worldwide network of factories, which is mainly driven by financial and political aspects. In past few decades, many attempts have been made to improve the sustainability of the manufacturing processes with consideration of carbon efficiency, energy efficiency, and cost effectiveness. The influence of the manufacturing plant site on the environmental sustainability of the manufacturing process is not considered in most site selection decisions despite its importance in improving the sustainability of production networks. This paper investigates the site based factors to influence the environmental sustainability of a machining process and the effect of these factors is analyzed using life cycle assessment. A case study is conducted with eight different cases based on the location of raw material, manufacturing site, and customers in India and Germany. Four key influencing factors are identified and the environmental impact of the milling process is assessed. One of the key findings is the significant influence of climate and the supply chain on the environmental sustainability of the machining process. This study can be used to include the environmental performance of the machining process into the strategic planning of new manufacturing plants.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Environmental impact assessment of a ceramic tile supply chain – a case study
    (Taylor & Francis, 2017-10) Sangwan, Kuldip Singh
    The beginning of the twenty-first century saw a surge in the growth of construction industry, particularly the housing sector in India. This led to the growing demand of ceramic tiles. This growth is responsible for large-scale consumption of natural resources and generation of solid waste. The objective of this paper is to assess the environmental impact of vitrified ceramic floor tile supply chain by performing life cycle assessment (LCA) following international standards of ISO 14040 series guidelines. The impact has been determined by conducting a LCA using Umberto NXT software (eco-invent 3.0 database) with ReCiPe endpoint and midpoint methods. It has been found that the manufacturing stage of supply chain is generating highest impact on environment in all the categories. Impact analysis of different input resources/material shows that red oxide used in glaze preparation, electricity in manufacturing, packaging material, distribution by trucks, installation of tiles using concrete and disposal of packaging material are responsible for most of the environmental impact. This study will offer the essential quantitative assessment to recognise the phases and materials which are highly responsible for the degradation of environment so that appropriate interventions by the different stakeholders can be planed.