BITS Faculty Publications
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Item Investigation on substrate material for a sensitive flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor(IEEE, 2025-02) Gupta, NavneetThis study investigates the substrate in flexible piezoresistive pressure sensor (FPPS) for improving the performance of sensors. Initially, we employed the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenjein in Serbian (VIKOR) to evaluate all potential substrates materials for FPPS. Key material attributes that play an important role are the glass transition temperature, thermal conductivity, Young’s modulus, water absorption, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). To identify the most promising substrate material, we utilized the TOPSIS and VIKOR ranking systems followed by simulation analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0. Our analysis shows that polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) is the optimal substrate material for FPPS. The results demonstrate good agreement across all material selection methodologies and simulations, validating the robustness of our findings.Item Microheater Material Selection Framework for Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS)-Based Gas Sensor(IEEE, 2023-09) Gupta, NavneetThis article describes the material selection for microheater in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)-based gas sensors. The analysis was done using multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches: Ashby’s technique, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenjein in Serbian (VIKOR). All possible materials for heating element used in MEMS gas sensors are considered. Various material properties, such as thermal expansion, melting point, resistivity, and thermal conductivity, are investigated to find out the most promising microheater material. Analysis was done using materials chart in Ashby’s approach and ranking system using TOPSIS and VIKOR approaches. The analysis shows that tungsten and molybdenum are the best materials to be used in microheater. The results show very good agreement among all the three material selection methodologies that confirms the validity of our proposed result.Item Dielectric material selection of microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication applications using Ashby's approach(Cambridge University Press, 2014-07) Gupta, Navneet; Kumar, RajneeshIn this paper, material selection has been done for dielectric substrate material in microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for three distinct classes of wireless communication applications using Ashby's approach. This material selection procedure is based on the creation and evaluation of Ashby's chart of different material indices. These material indices in turn affect the device performance indices, which decide the best possible dielectric material to be used as substrate for MPAs. In this work, quality factor, relative permittivity, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency are chosen as material indices of MPA's dielectric substrate to get relevant performances. Ashby's selection chart shows that 0.75MgAl2O4–0.25TiO2 material for millimeter waves applications, Ca[(L1/3Nb2/3)0.85Ti0.15]O3−δ for mobile base station applications, and (Ba0.95Ca0.05)O–Sm2O3–4.5TiO2 ceramic for mobile phone miniaturization applications are the promising materials that allows best overall performance in MPAs for wireless communication.Item Investigation on microwave dielectric materials for dielectric resonator antennas(IOS, 2015) Gupta, NavneetIn this paper, a theoretical and practical investigation on microwave dielectric materials for wideband dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) is presented. Due to the variety of materials available to antenna designers, a proper technique to select the best possible material is required. In this paper Ashby's material selection methodology is used for dielectric material based antenna systems. Four primary performance indices, impedance bandwidth (BW), the size of the antenna (λ), radiation efficiency (η) and resonance frequency (f_{0}), are used to obtain the desired performance. The selection chart shows that Roger TMM10, (ε_{r}= 9.8) is the most suitable material followed by "Roger's TMM10i and RO3010" for DRAs to provide the best performance for wideband applications. Performances of antenna are verified with rectangular and hybrid design of DRA in terms of reflection coefficients, radiation pattern, gain and efficiency. Theoretical work is compared with the simulation and the close agreement between the two, confirm the validity of this study.Item Material selection for CMOS compatible high Q and high frequency MEMS disk resonator using Ashby approach.(International Journal of Nanoelectronics & Materials, 2016) Gupta, NavneetIn this paper, the most appropriate material for MEMS Disk resonator compatible with CMOS technology is selected using the Ashby approach. Materials indices are formulated based on three primary performance parameters, namely high Q, high resonant frequency, and low process temperature. The selection chart shows that for high Q and high frequency, polySi0.35Ge0.65 is the best possible material for MEMS resonator. The close match between theoretical and experimental findings validates our proposed study.Item Hybrid microwave integrated circuits (HMICs)(Lietuvos mokslų akademija, 2016) Gupta, NavneetThis paper presents systematic approach of material selection for substrate material in hybrid microwave integrated circuits (HMICs). The performance of HMICs starts deteriorating at microwave frequencies because the circuit dimensions become comparable to the wavelength. So, it is important to design HMICs in such a way that its performance remains unaffected even at high frequencies. One way to fulfil this requirement is to fabricate a proper device. For this, substrate material in HMICs plays an important role. But there are different types of materials available which can be used as substrate material of HMICs. The commonly reported materials are: Silicon (Si), Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), Indium Phosphide (InP), Alumina (Al2O3), Beryllia, Fused Silica, Sapphire, Woven PTFF/Glass, PTFE/Glass, Polyolefin, and Ferrite/Granite. As each material is having its own advantages and limitations; therefore, it is important to choose the best possible material out of all possible materials. For this purpose two decision making techniques are usedItem High‐k Gate Dielectric Selection for Germanium based CMOS Devices(International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials, 2018-04) Gupta, NavneetThis paper presents a systematic approach of material selection for gate oxide material in Germanium (Ge) based CMOS Devices. Various possible high‐k gate dielectrics that can be stacked with Ge substrates are Al2O3, HfO2, La2O3, Y2O3, ZrO2 and Lu2O3. However, each of the dielectric material has its own advantages and limitations therefore it is important to select the best possible candidate. For this purpose, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) as a Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) technique is used. Based on the ranking derived from TOPSIS, it is found that La2O3 is the most suitable material, followed by Y2O3 for being used as a gate dielectric in Ge‐based CMOS devices. The proposed result is in good agreement with experimental findings thus justifying the validity of the proposed study.Item Investigation into gate dielectric material using different optimization techniques in carbon nanotube field effect transistors(Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 2019) Navneet, GuptaThis paper presents an analysis of gate dielectric materials using different optimization techniques for carbon nanotube field effect transistors. The selection of the best gate dielectric is done using multi-criteria decision-making methods, i.e. Ashby's, TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) and VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje in Serbian). The selection criteria for the best dielectric material are based on various material indices which include relative dielectric constant (εr), energy band gap (Eg), conduction band offset and coefficient of thermal expansion. This analysis concludes that lanthanum oxide (La2O3) is the most promising dielectric material, followed by HfO2. All these material selection methodologies converge on the same results. This result is compared with the experimental findings, and the close match between analytical and experimental results confirms the validity of this study.