Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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Author: search.filters.author.Arora, PankajSubject: search.filters.subject.Aluminum-nanostructures

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    Self-referenced integrated plasmonic device based on engineered periodic nanostructures for sensing application
    (SPIE, 2020-02) Arora, Pankaj
    A plasmonic device with a self-referenced capability that uses periodic nanostructures has been proposed and analyzed in terms of the spectral response. Aluminum-based periodic nanostructures that scatter incoming radiation towards a thin homogeneous metal layer, are used to excite Surface Plasmons (SP) for normal incident light. The rigorous coupled wave analysis method is used to engineer the periodic nanostructures and evaluation of performance parameters. The sensitivity, figure of merit and reflective amplitude are considered as the main parameters for engineering the device. The electromagnetic field simulations reveal the presence of waveguide mode and two plasmonic modes, namely, SP mode and substrate mode with three different interactions in the device. The shift in SP mode is used to detect the minute changes in the refractive index of the analyte and the number of exciting waveguide modes is used to capture the changes in the thickness of the analyte. The presence of substrate mode adds the self-reference capability to the proposed plasmonic device due to the independence of any change in the refractive index and thickness of the analyte. The proposed device has been engineered to offer a competitive sensitivity of 1000 nm/RIU and figure of merit 300 RIU-1 with the fabrication constraints taken into account. Since the proposed structures work under normal incidence conditions which makes this design integrable to the end of an optical fiber that can be used both to excite SP and to interrogate the spectral reflectance.
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    Highly sensitive self-referenced plasmonic devices based on engineered periodic nanostructures for sensing in the communication band
    (SPIE, 2020-06) Arora, Pankaj
    Periodic plasmonic nanostructures on a thin homogeneous metal layer are used to excite surface plasmons (SPs) for normal incident light in the optical communication band. The structures are engineered using rigorous coupled-wave analysis by considering sensitivity, linewidth, and reflection amplitude as the evaluation parameters. The presence of SP mode at the thin metal–substrate interface in the proposed plasmonic device adds a self-reference capability while capturing the minute refractive index and thickness variations. The wavelength shift in SP mode at the nanostructure–analyte interface is used to measure the changes in the refractive index of the analyte, and the number of waveguide modes is used to capture the changes in the thickness of the analyte. The proposed engineered plasmonic nanostructures offer a sensitivity of 1100 nm/refractive index unit and a resonance line width of 18 nm while taking into account the fabrication constraints. The proposed structures are further simulated for the detection of hemoglobin concentration (using its refractive index measurement) in human blood in the optical communication band (1450 to 1520 nm). The normal incident action eases the integration of engineered plasmonic substrate with optical fibers that can be used both to excite SP and to interrogate the spectral reflectance.
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    Graphene decorated aluminum-nanostructure based plasmonic device with enhanced sensitivity and figure of merit using both wavelength and angle interrogation
    (Elsevier, 2022-07) Arora, Pankaj
    In this work, we have proposed graphene decorated Aluminum (Al) nanostructure-based plasmonic device for sensing in the near-infrared region where the same engineered plasmonic device can be used under both angle as well as wavelength interrogation with high sensitivity and Figure of Merit (FOM) simultaneously. A detailed analysis using rigorous coupled-wave analysis is carried out to prove the feasibility of the proposed plasmonic device with the same designed parameters to operate in two interrogation modes, which is impossible in conventional prism configuration. The performance parameters, sensitivity, and FOM are found to be 1000 nm/RIU and 333.33RIU−1 during wavelength interrogation and 119º/RIU and 318.91RIU−1 for the angle interrogation respectively. Finally, the biosensing application is carried out by demonstrating the glucose concentration detection in the urine samples. The proposed Al-based plasmonic device decorated with graphene layer has the advantages of being cost-effective and possessing real-time sensing capability, paving the way for biomedical applications in the near-infrared region.